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Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), has antibacterial activity. Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.7 kDa and the accession number is P49913.

CAMP factor is an extracellular cytolytic protein produced by Streptococcus agalactiae. CAMP factor binds the Fc fragments of IgG and is also known as protein B, in analogy to protein A of Staphylococcus aureus.

cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor β (PKI-β) is a member of the PKI family. As a member of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor family,It has been shown that PKI-β is an extremely potent competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity; this protein interacts with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme after the cAMP-induced dissociation of its regulatory chains. It may play a role in the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway by interacting with the catalytic subunit of PKA, and overexpression of this gene may play a role in prostate cancer.

ATF3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

CREB3L1, also known as OASIS, is a cellular transcription factor synthesized as a membrane-bound precursor. It is a putative endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor in astrocytes with a mechanism of activation. OASIS mRNA expression was detected in pancreatic β-cell lines and rodent islets, and the expression level was up-regulated by ER stress-inducing compounds. CREB3L1 may have a role in pancreas development. CREB3L1 may also play an important role in limiting virus spread by inhibiting proliferation of virus-infected cells. In vitro, CREB3L1 binds to box-B element, cAMP response element (CRE) and CRE-like sequences, and activates transcription through box-B element but not through CRE. It may play a role in gliosis.

Transcription factor that either stimulates or represses gene transcription through binding of different DNA regulatory elements such as cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), ATF5-specific response element (ARE) (consensus: 5'-C[CT]TCT[CT]CCTT[AT]-3') but also the amino acid response element (AARE), present in many viral and cellular promoters. Critically involved, often in a cell type-dependent manner, in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Its transcriptional activity is enhanced by CCND3 and slightly inhibited by CDK4. Important regulator of the cerebral cortex formation, functions in cerebral cortical neuroprogenitor cells to maintain proliferation and to block differentiation into neurons. Must be down-regulated in order for such cells to exit the cycle and differentiate. Participates in the pathways by which SHH promotes cerebellar granule neuron progenitor cells proliferation. Critical for survival of mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSN), directs expression of OSN-specific genes. May be involved in osteogenic differentiation. Promotes cell proliferation and survival by inducing the expression of EGR1 sinergistically with ELK1. Once acetylated by EP300, binds to ARE sequences on target genes promoters, such as BCL2 and EGR1. Plays an anti-apoptotic role through the transcriptional regulation of BCL2, this function seems to be cell type-dependent. Cooperates with NR1I3 CAR in the transcriptional activation of CYP2B6 in liver. In hepatic cells, represses CRE-dependent transcription and inhibits proliferation by blocking at G2 M phase. May act as a negative regulator of IL1B transduction pathway in liver. Upon IL1B stimulus, cooperates with NLK to activate the transactivation activity of C EBP subfamily members. Besides its function of transcription factor, acts as a cofactor of CEBPB to activate CEBPA and promote adipocyte differentiation. Regulates centrosome dynamics in a cell-cycle- and centriole-age-dependent manner. Forms 9-foci symmetrical ring scaffold around the mother centriole to control centrosome function and the interaction between centrioles and pericentriolar material.

Binds to the cAMP response element and activates transcription.

CREB1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1(ATF1) which contains 1 bZIP (basic-leucine zipper) domain and 1 KID (kinase-inducible) domain, belongs to the bZIP family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. ATF1 binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. It also binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE) of HTLV-I. ATF1 mediates PKA-induced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes, represses the expression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes, triggers cell proliferation and transformation. ATF1 is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and CDK3. Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation.

ATF-4 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.2 kDa and the accession number is Q9ES19.

PRKAR1A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.2 kDa and the accession number is P10644.

PRKAR1A Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.6 kDa and the accession number is Q9DBC7.

Probably involved in membrane protein trafficking. SCAMP4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.9 kDa and the accession number is Q9JKV5.

Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Flagellin A Protein, Campylobacter jejuni, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 61.5 kDa and the accession number is Q46113.

Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Flagellin B(flaB) Protein, Campylobacter jejuni, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 61.6 kDa and the accession number is Q46114.

The S-layer is a paracrystalline mono-layered assembly of proteins which coats the surface of bacteria. This protein is critical for virulence. S-layer Protein, Campylobacter fetus, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 33.0 kDa and the accession number is P35827.

Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Flagellin A Protein, Campylobacter jejuni, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 59.5 kDa and the accession number is Q46113.

Sperm Equatorial Segment Protein 1 (SPESP1) is a member of the SPESP1 family. SPESP1 is highly expressed in the testis, where it is localized to the acrosome of postmeiotic stages of spermiogenesis; it is expressed at lower levels in the placenta and fetal lung. SPESP1 is involved in the multicellular organisimal development. Disruption of SPESP1 leads to abnormal distribution of sperm proteins resulting in a detached membrane from the equatorial segment and less fertile sperm. SPESP1 may interact with IZUMO1 and MN9 antigen and it contains an N-glycosylation site as well as several cAMP-dependent kinase, protein kinase C, and casein kinase II consensus phosphorylation sites.

Oncomodulin-1 (OM) is a small, calcium-binding protein and a macrophage-derived growth factor, which can promote axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells. Oncomodulin-1 is constitutively secreted by activated macrophages in the vitreous and retina in response to inflammatory conditions that promote optic nerve regeneration. Oncomodulin-1 binds RGCs with high affinity in vitro, but only when cAMP is pharmacologically elevated or if the membrane is permeabilized allowing Oncomodulin-1 access to the cytosolic compartment. Oncomodulin-1 is a member of the superfamily of calmodulin proteins and is a high-affinity calcium ion-binding protein and contains 2 EF-hand domains. OM is found in early embryonic cells in the placenta and also in tumors. It has some calmodulin-like activity with respect to enzyme activation and growth regulation.

G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1. GLP1R Protein, Human, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 18.3 kDa and the accession number is P43220.

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers in numerous signaling pathways controlled by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling involves the activation of adenylyl cyclases, resulting in increased levels of the signaling molecule cAMP. GNAS functions downstream of several GPCRs, including beta-adrenergic receptors. Stimulates the Ras signaling pathway via RAPGEF2. GNAS Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 61.7 kDa and the accession number is P63092.

Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Binds to the USP28 promoter in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. JUN Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.3 kDa and the accession number is P05412.

G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1. GLP1R Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.4 kDa and the accession number is O35659.

G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1. GLP1R Protein, Rat, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 17.1 kDa and the accession number is P32301.

cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase, also known as cyclic GMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase and PDE2A, is a peripheral membrane protein that belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family and PDE2 subfamily. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) comprise a family of enzymes that regulate the levels of cyclic nucleotides, key second messengers that mediate a diverse array of functions. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate signaling by cyclic nucleotides in diverse processes such as cardiac contractility, platelet aggregation, lipolysis, glycogenolysis, and smooth muscle contraction. PDE2A is an evolutionarily conserved cGMP-stimulated cAMP and cGMP PDE. PDE2A contains two GAF domains. PDE2A is expressed in brain and to a lesser extent in heart, placenta, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. PDE2A is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. PDE2A is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis by the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), making PDE2-type enzymes important targets for drug discovery.

Activating transcription factor 2, also known as ATF2, is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins that binds to the cAMP response element. Its activity is enhanced after phosphorylation by stress-activated protein kinases such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38. ATF2 has been found to be a target of the JNK signal transduction pathway and mediate adenovirus E1A-inducible transcriptional activation. ATF2 is also been reported playing roles in TGF-β signaling pathway. It has been shown that the transcription factor ATF2 is bound by a hetero-oligomer of Smad3 and Smad4 upon TGF-β stimulation. Studies indicate that ATF-2 plays a central role in TGF-β signaling by acting as a common nuclear target of both Smad and TAK1 pathways.

PDE1C belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family, PDE1 subfamily. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a family of related phosphohydrolyases that selectively catalyze the hydrolysis of 3' cyclic phosphate bonds in adenosine and or guanine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate (cAMP and or cGMP). They regulate the cellular levels, localization and duration of action of these second messengers by controlling the rate of their degradation. PDEs are expressed ubiquitously, with each subtype having a specific tissue distribution. These enzymes are involved in many signal transduction pathways and their functions include vascular smooth muscle proliferation and contraction, cardiac contractility, platelet aggregation, hormone secretion, immune cell activation, and they are involved in learning and memory. PDE1C has a high affinity for both cAMP and cGMP. It is expressed in several tissues, including brain and heart. As a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, PDE1C has a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP.

G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1. GLP1R Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 18.3 kDa and the accession number is P43220.

G protein-coupled receptor for follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone. Through cAMP production activates the downstream PI3K-AKT and ERK1 ERK2 signaling pathways. FSHR Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.5 kDa and the accession number is P23945.

CGRP induces vasodilation. It dilates a variety of vessels including the coronary, cerebral and systemic vasculature. Its abundance in the CNS also points toward a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator role. It also elevates platelet cAMP. CALCA Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.6 kDa and the accession number is P06881.

Receptor for relaxin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins leading to stimulation of adenylate cyclase and an increase of cAMP. May also be a receptor for Leydig insulin-like peptide (INSL3). RXFP2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 21.1 kDa and the accession number is Q8WXD0.

Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHA2 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased cAMP production. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism.

Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHA2 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased cAMP production. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism. GPHB5 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13.3 kDa and the accession number is Q812B2.

Calcium calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B, also known as Cam-PDE 1B and PDE1B, is a cytoplasm protein that belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family and PDE1 subfamily. Phosphodiesterase-1A (PDE1A), Phosphodiesterase-1B (PDE1B), Phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B), and Phosphodiesterase-4A (PDE4A) are important regulators of signal transduction in striatum due to their catalysis of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. PDE1B is highly expressed in the striatum. It binds two divalent metal cations per subunit. Site one of PDE1B may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site two of PDE1B has a preference for magnesium and or manganese ions. PDE1B is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. It has a preference for cGMP as a substrate.

Serine threonine-protein kinase 16, also known as myristoylated and palmitoylated serine threonine-protein kinase, Protein kinase PKL12, TGF-beta-stimulated factor 1, TSF-1, MPSK1 and STK16, is a membrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed at very low levels. STK16 MPSK1 belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and Ser Thr protein kinase family. It contains one protein kinase domain. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) shows a variety of biological activities in various organs or cells. Some factors such as Smads (Sma and Mad proteins) and TGF-beta activating kinase 1 have been characterized as signalling molecules downstream of TGF-beta. Several TGF-beta response elements have been identified such as cAMP response element, Smad binding element, and recognition sites for activating protein-1 and stimulating protein-1 in various gene promoters. STK16 MPSK1 is a unique factor with two biological functions, transcriptional regulation and protein phosphorylation, that may be involved in TGF-beta signals. STK16 MPSK1 is a protein kinase that acts on both serine and threonine residues. STK16 MPSK1 possessed DNA-binding ability and activated the TGF-beta responsive CNP promoter or vascular endothelial growth factor gene promoter which possesses a sequence element analogous to the TGF-beta responsive GC-rich element of the CNP promoter. STK16 MPSK1 did not directly activate a Smads-dependent promoter from plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene, but it showed enhancement in co-operation with Smad3 and Smad4. STK16 MPSK1 mRNA as well as its protein level were stimulated by TGF-beta treatment.

Catalyzes the formation of the second messenger cAMP from ATP. Its transcript is probably degraded by endoribonuclease LS (rnlA), decreasing cAMP levels and the negative regulator Crp-cAMP, which then induces its own transcription again.

G protein-coupled receptor for follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone. Through cAMP production activates the downstream PI3K-AKT and ERK1 ERK2 signaling pathways. FSHR Protein, Human, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.0 kDa and the accession number is P23945.

Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Binds to the USP28 promoter in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. JUN Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.1 kDa and the accession number is P05412.

MRAP (Melanocortin 2 Receptor Accessory Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. This gene encodes a melanocortin receptor-interacting protein. It belongs to the MRAP family. MRAP, which contains a single transmembrane domain, has a unique structure, an antiparallel homodimer. MRAP is a single transmembrane domain accessory protein and a critical component of the hypothamo pituitary-adrenal axis. MRAP is highly expressed in the adrenal gland and is essential for adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) receptor expression and function. In adrenal cells, MRAP is essential for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced activation of the cAMP protein kinase A (PKA) pathway by melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), leading to glucocorticoid production and secretion. Diseases associated with MRAP include Glucocorticoid Deficiency 2 and Glucocorticoid Deficiency 1.

Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Subunit 1A (PPP1R1A) is an inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. PPP1R1A is a cellular regulator of eIF2 alpha phosphorylation. In hormonal control of glycogen metabolism, IPP-1 protein plays important function. Hormones can elevate intracellular cAMP level and elevate IPP-1 activity. PPP1R1A activation caused cAMP increase , cAMP control over proteins that are not directly phosphorylated by PKA following a rise in intracellular calcium. IPP-1 is inactivated by calcineurin (PP2B). Multiple domains in IPP-1 target cellular PP1 complexes.

The cAMP-dependent protein kinase PKA is a well-characterized member of the serine-threonine protein AGC kinase family and is the effector kinase of cAMP signaling. As such, PKA is involved in the control of a wide variety of cellular processes including metabolism, cell growth, gene expression and apoptosis. cAMP-dependent PKA signaling pathways play important roles during infection and virulence of various pathogens. Since fluxes in cAMP are involved in multiple intracellular functions, a variety of different pathological infectious processes can be affected by PKA signaling pathways.

Binds CpG islands in promoters where the DNA is methylated at position 5 of cytosine within CpG dinucleotides. Binds hemimethylated DNA as well. Recruits histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases. Acts as transcriptional repressor and plays a role in gene silencing. Functions as a scaffold protein, targeting GATAD2A and GATAD2B to chromatin to promote repression. May enhance the activation of some unmethylated cAMP-responsive promoters.

Transcriptional activator. Essential for sexual differentiation and formation of the primary steroidogenic tissues. Binds to the Ad4 site found in the promoter region of steroidogenic P450 genes such as CYP11A, CYP11B and CYP21B. Also regulates the AMH Muellerian inhibiting substance gene as well as the AHCH and STAR genes. 5'-YCAAGGYC-3' and 5'-RRAGGTCA-3' are the consensus sequences for the recognition by NR5A1. The SFPQ-NONO-NR5A1 complex binds to the CYP17 promoter and regulates basal and cAMP-dependent transcriptional activity. Binds phosphatidylcholine. Binds phospholipids with a phosphatidylinositol (PI) headgroup, in particular PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3. Activated by the phosphorylation of NR5A1 by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation.

Involved in the regulation of melanogenesis. The binding of ASP to MC1R precludes alpha-MSH initiated signaling and thus blocks production of cAMP, leading to a down-regulation of eumelanogenesis (brown black pigment) and thus increasing synthesis of pheomelanin (yellow red pigment). Agouti-signaling Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 14.9 kDa and the accession number is Q29414.