cAMP

Eriocalyxin B 是从中草药枇杷素中分离得到的一种二萜类天然产物，可诱导细胞凋亡，具有抗癌和抗炎作用。

TDI-10229 是一种口服有效的可溶性腺苷酸环化酶 (sAC, ADCY10) 抑制剂 (IC50 值为 195 nM)。TDI-10229 在生化和细胞分析中都显示出对 sAC 的纳摩尔级抑制，并表现出足以保证其用作体内工具化合物的小鼠药代动力学特性。

MRE3008F20 是一种具有种属选择性和高效性的腺苷 A3 受体（AA3R）拮抗剂，抑制 Cl-IB-MECA 诱导的 cAMP 的产生，可用于研究青光眼和哮喘。

CE3F4 是选择性的Epac1拮抗剂，能够作用于 Epac1 (IC50:10.7 μM)和 Epac2(B) (IC50:66 μM)。

UNC0006 是 β抑制蛋白偏向 D（2）R 配体，同时也是 G（i） 调节的 cAMP 产生的拮抗剂和 D（2）R β-arrestin-2 相互作用的部分激动剂。UNC0006 具有抗精神病的活性，可用于研究神经系统疾病。

Torbafylline 是黄嘌呤衍生物，是 磷酸二酯酶 （PDE） 抑制剂，通过 激活 PDE4 cAMP EPAC PI3K Akt 途径减弱烧伤诱导的大鼠骨骼肌蛋白水解，抑制癌症和败血症大鼠增强的骨骼肌泛素 - 蛋白酶体依赖性蛋白水解。

7-Methoxyrosmanol (7-O-Methylrosmanol) 是一种酚类二萜，从迷迭香中分离得到，可抑制 PEPCK 和 G6Pase 启动子的 cAMP 反应。

Bithionol (Actamer) 是一种抗寄生虫药物，对若干癌细胞有抑制作用。

ESI-09是一种新型非环状核苷酸EPAC 的拮抗剂，对EPAC1和EPAC2的IC50值分别为3.2和1.4 μM。

Rp-cAMPS sodium 是一种cAMP的硫代磷酸酯类似物，是一种蛋白激酶 A 抑制剂，也是具有膜渗透性的 cAMP 拮抗剂，通过阻断 cAMP 诱导的构象转变来抑制 cAMP 依赖性蛋白激酶，可用于研究心血管疾病。

Atherosperminine 是一种天然生物碱，在体外表现出抗疟原虫活性，IC50为 5.80 μM。它具有DPPH 自由基清除活性，其IC50值为 29.56 µg mL。它对气管有非特异性的弛缓作用。它是一种良好的还原剂，具有螯合金属的能力。

ESI-05 (NSC-116966) 是特异性的 cAMP 直接激活交换蛋白 2 (EPAC2) 拮抗剂(IC50:0.4 µM)，能够抑制 cAMP 诱导的 EPAC2 的活化，并 EAPC2 介导的 Rap1 的活化。

KH7 是腺苷酸环化酶 (sAC) 特异性的可溶性抑制剂，也是一种 cAMP 抑制剂。它对重组纯化的人类 sACt 蛋白和细胞试验中异源表达的 sACt 的 IC50 为 3 到 10 μM 之间。

GAT211 (AZ-4) 是一种具有选择性和高效性的大麻素 1 受体 (CB1R) 正变构调节剂 (PAM)，对 cAMP 和 β-arrestin2 具有较高的亲和力。GAT211 具有降眼压和抗精神病的作用，可用于研究癫痫。

0990CL 是一种有效的异三聚体Gαi subunit 特异性抑制剂，可与纯化的Go±在gdp 结合状态下相互作用，能够阻断α2AR 介导的cAMP 调控。 在细胞模型中低浓度0990CL 能够部分恢复cAMP 水平，高浓度的0990CL (10 μM)下，开始对细胞活力产生负面影响。

3-O-Methylquercetin 是分离自植物Rhamnus nakaharai 的天然产物，可抑制总 cAMP 和cGMP-phosphodiesterase (PDE)。它对PDE1、PDE5、PDE 和PDE4的IC50分别是31.9 μM、86.9 μM、18.6 μM 和1.6 μM。

Adenosine receptor A1 antagonist 5 可作为一种腺苷拮抗剂，是一种氧嘌呤，可作为杀虫剂和虫害防治剂，对血压升高有抑制作用。

2-PCCA hydrochloride 是一种外消旋体，是一种具有有效性和选择性的 GPR88 受体激动剂，在 HEK293 细胞中显示出对 GPR88 介导的 cAMP 的产生有抑制作用，EC50 值为 116 nM。

EPAC 5376753 是 EPAC1 的变构抑制剂，在瑞士 3T3 细胞中的 IC50 为 4 µM。

HJC0350 是一种有效地、选择性的EPAC2拮抗剂(IC50:0.3 µM)。

HJC0197 是Epac1(cAMP 1 直接激活的交换蛋白) 和Epac2 拮抗剂，其对Epac2 的IC50值为5.9 μM。它在等浓度 cAMP 存在下能够降低 Epac1 介导的 Rap1-GDP 交换活性。它能够选择性阻断 cAMP 诱导的 Epac 活化。

OX04528 是一种具有口服活性和高效性的 GPR84 偏向激动剂。OX04528 抑制 cAMP 信号传导，可用于研究癌症。

CB1R Allosteric modulator 3 是一种有效的 CB1R 调制剂。CB1R Allosteric modulator 3 抑制 cAMP 和 β-Arrestin ，可用于研究肥胖和尼古丁成瘾。

I942 是一种新型且具有选择性的非环核苷酸 (NCN) EPAC1 激动剂，可激活交换蛋白调节人脐血管中的炎症基因表达，可抑制与心血管疾病相关的促炎细胞因子信号传导。

ESI-08 是 EPAC2 的有效拮抗剂，IC50 为 8.4 μM。 ESI-08 特异性阻断 cAMP 诱导的 EPAC 活化，但不阻断 cAMP 介导的 PKA 活化。

GLP-1R modulator L7-028 是一种变构调节剂，增强了对 GLP-1 的亲和力和 cAMP 信号转导。

Citreorosein is a cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, it has anti-inflammatory effect, inhibits proinflammatory cytokines production through the inhibition of both MAPKs and AKT-mediated IκB kinase (IKK) phosphorylation and subsequent inhibition of transcription factor NF-κB activation.

Panaxydol has anti-cancer activity, can inhibit the growth and apoptosis of cancer cells, the signaling mechanisms involve a [Ca(2+)](i) increase, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, cAMP, MAP kinase and ROS generation through NADPH oxidase and mitochondria.

Catalpalactone exhibits high antitermitic, and cytotoxic activities, it exhibits potent inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells , with IC50 values of 9.80 microM. Catalpalactone can inhibit dopamine biosynthesis by

Fargesone B inhibits the vascular smooth muscle contraction by suppressing the voltage- and receptor-activated calcium influxes in a nonselective manner.

Kushenol A is a kind of Adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate(cAMP)phosphodiesterase inhibitiors, it shows selective alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Kushenol A and kushenol C exhibit inhibitory activity against Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2).

Manassantin A is a high potent HIF-1 inhibitor, it protects the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced acute gastric injury, and suggest that these protective effects might be associated with COX/PGE2 stimulation, inhibition of iNOS production and NF-κB act

Vulpinic and gyrophoric acids are known as ultraviolet filters for natural lichen populations, they can effectively prevent cytotoxic, apoptotic and cytoskeleton alterative activities of 2.5 J cm(2) UVB in a dose-dependent manner, suggest that vulpinic and gyrophoric acids can be promising cosmetic ingredients to photo-protect human skin cells. Gyrophoric acid also has anti-proliferative cytotoxic effect.

Catalponol can enhance dopamine biosynthesis by inducing TH activity and protect against L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells, which was mediated by the increased levels of cyclic AMP.

Protopine has antiplatelet effects,which is due to inhibition on thromboxane formation and phosphoinositides breakdown and then lead to the decrease of intracellular calcium concentration.Protopine seems to inhibit the heterotypic cell adhesion between MD

ent-3-Acetoxy-labda-8(17),13-dien-15-oic acid have vasorelaxant and hypotensive actions, the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular actions of the labdane involve the activation of the endothelial NO-cGMP pathway, the opening of K+ channels and the alteration on Ca2+ mobilization.

Dodoviscin A may be a new promising pigmentation-altering agent for cosmetic and therapeutic applications, it can inhibit melanin biosynthesis induced by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and PD98059.Dodoviscin A can promote adipocyte differentiation as charact

Licoarylcoumarin is a strong inhibitor of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase. Licoarylcoumarin has antibacterial effects on the VRE strains; it has anti-HIV activity, and it has inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase.

Isopedicin has anti-inflammatory functions, it inhibits the O(2)(*)(-) production in human neutrophils by an elevation of cellular cAMP and activation of PKA through its inhibition of cAMP-specific PDE.

Methyl orsellinate is a phytotoxic compound, it exhibits antifungal activity, it can cause significant inhibition of radicle growth of Amaranthus hypochondriacus and Echinochloa crus-galli, interact with bovine-brain calmodulin and inhibit the activation of the calmodulin-dependent enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase. Methyl orsellinate can inhibit PTP1B activity with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 277 +/- 8.6 microM, the selective inhibition of PTP1B has been widely recognized as a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, methyl orsellinate may can treat the type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Trans-caffeic acid stearyl ester is posited to inhibit melanogenesis signaling while suppressing cAMP levels and, subsequently, MC1R, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-2 and TRP-1 down-regulation, resulting in the suppression of tyrosinase activity, DOPA oxidase activity and melanin synthesis.