Exportin 1 (XPO1), also known as chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1), is a eukaryotic protein that mediates the nuclear export of proteins, rRNA, snRNA, and some mRNA.
Leptomycin A, a metabolite derived from Streptomyces, acts as an inhibitor of CRM1 (exportin 1) and effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication. Compared to Leptomycin B, it exhibits lesser potency. Leptomycin A hampers the interaction between CRM1 and nuclear export signals, effectively hindering the nuclear export of a wide array of proteins.