tnf-a-in-1

TNF/IFNγ-IN-1(TGA) 是 TNF 和 IFN-γ 的双重抑制剂。TNF/IFNγ-IN-1 具有潜在的抗氧化和抗炎活性，可用于类似阿尔茨海默等的神经退行性疾病。

TNF-α-IN-1是 TNF-α 抑制剂。

LTβR-IN-1是一种有作用的、具有选择性的淋巴素β受体(LTβR)抑制剂。LTβR-IN-1 对TNF12A 的的 p52 的核易位抑制作用具有选择性，对 TNF-α 受体介导的 p65 的核易位无明显作用，却抑制受 TWEAK 或 Anti-LTβR 刺激的 p52 核易位，IC50为10 μM。LTβR-IN-1通过配体非依赖性方式实现对 NF-kB 信号通路的调节作用。

Cot inhibitor-1 是一种选择性的 Cot 蛋白激酶(也被称为 Tpl2或 MAP3K8)抑制剂(IC50 为 28 nM)。Cot inhibitor-1 抑制人全血中 TNF-alpha 的产生，其 IC50 为 5.7 nM。Cot 参与多种细胞信号通路，特别是与炎症和免疫反应有关的信号通路。Cot inhibitor-1抑制 Cot 活性，可能对类风湿关节炎、炎症性肠病和某些类型的癌症具有潜在的治疗效果。

1-Methylguanidine hydrochloride 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

Linalool (Linalol) 是存在芫荽等植物中的单萜类天然产物，是竞争性NMDA 受体拮抗剂，具有抗肿瘤和抗心脏毒性的作用。它通过激活 Nrf2 诱导抗氧化防御和通过抑制 NF-κB 减少炎症反应来保护其免受 LPS GalN 诱导的肝损伤，具有镇痛、抗菌和抗炎的特性。

TNF-α-IN-9 是一种 NDM-1 inhibitor-3类似物，是一种 TNF-α 抑制剂。TNF-α-IN-9 显示低抑制活性。

CU-115 是一种有效的，选择性的 TLR8 拮抗剂。CU-115对 TLR8 和 TLR7的 IC50分别为1.04 µM 和=>50 µM。THP-1 细胞中，CU-115 减少了 R-848 激活的 TNF-α 和 IL-1β 的产生。

Vialinin A (Terrestrin A) (Terrestrin A) 是一种具有抗氧化性质的对三苯化合物。Vialinin A (Terrestrin A) 是 TNF-α，USP4, USP5 和 SENP1 特异性蛋白酶 1 的有效抑制剂。Vialinin A (Terrestrin A) 可用于自身免疫疾病和癌症研究。

Rupatadine (UR-12592) is a potent dual PAF H1 antagonist with Ki of 0.55 0.1 uM(rabbit platelet membranes guinea pig cerebellum membranes).IC50 value:Target: PAF H1 antagonistin vitro: Rupatadine competitively inhibited histamine-induced guinea pig ileum contraction (pA2 = 9.29 + - 0.06) without affecting contraction induced by ACh, serotonin or leukotriene D4 (LTD4). It also competitively inhibited PAF-induced platelet aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRP) (pA2 = 6.68 + - 0.08) and in human platelet-rich plasma (HPRP) (IC50 = 0.68 microM), while not affecting ADP- or arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation [1]. The IC50 for rupatadine in A23187, concanavalin A and anti-IgE induced histamine release was 0.7+ -0.4 microM, 3.2+ -0.7 microM and 1.5+ -0.4 microM, respectively whereas for loratadine the IC50 was 2.1+ -0.9 microM, 4.0+ -1.3 M and 1.7+ -0.5 microM. SR-27417A exhibited no inhibitory effect [2].in vivo: Rupatadine blocked histamine- and PAF-induced effects in vivo, such as hypotension in rats (ID50 = 1.4 and 0.44 mg kg i.v., respectively) and bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs (ID50 = 113 and 9.6 micrograms kg i.v.). Moreover, it potently inhibited PAF-induced mortality in mice (ID50 = 0.31 and 3.0 mg kg i.v. and p.o., respectively) and endotoxin-induced mortality in mice and rats (ID50 = 1.6 and 0.66 mg kg i.v.) [1]. rupatadine treatment improved the declined lung function and significantly decreased animal death. Moreover, rupatadine was able not only to attenuate silica-induced silicosis but also to produce a superior therapeutic efficacy compared to pirfenidone, histamine H1 antagonist loratadine, or PAF antagonist CV-3988 [3]. [1]. Merlos M, et al. Rupatadine, a new potent, orally active dual antagonist of histamine and platelet-activating factor (PAF). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Jan;280(1):114-21. [2]. Queralt M, et al. In vitro inhibitory effect of rupatadine on histamine and TNF-alpha release from dispersed canine skin mast cells and the human mast cell line HMC-1. Inflamm Res. 2000 Jul;49(7):355-60. [3]. Lv XX, et al. Rupatadine protects against pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating PAF-mediated senescence in rodents. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 15;8(7):e68631.

Linarin (Acacetin-7-O-rutinoside) 是一种选择性的乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 抑制剂，从薄荷花提取物中分离得到。

Schisandrol B (Besigomsin) 是华中五味子的主要活性成分，具有保肝、抗炎、抗糖尿病和抗氧化的作用。它抑制活性氧的产生，也抑制 P-糖蛋白和CYP3A 的活性。

API-1 (NSC-177223) 是Akt PKB 抑制剂，可同 PH 结构域相结合并抑制 Akt 膜易位，有效降低 Akt 的磷酸化水平。它可选择性的抑制PKB，对 PKC 和 PKA 的激活无抑制作用。它可以和 TNF 相关的凋亡诱导配体协同作用从而诱导细胞凋亡。

Isofraxidin (Phytodolor) 是来自刺五加的香豆素成分，抑制MMP-7表达和人肝癌细胞侵袭。它作用于肝癌细胞，抑制ERK1 2磷酸化。它减弱iNOS 和COX-2表达，还抑制TLR4 髓样分化蛋白 2 复合物的形成。

SP-100030 是一种有效的 NF-κB 和激活蛋白-1 (AP-1) 双抑制剂 (IC50 分别为 50 和 50 nM)。SP-10003 抑制 Jurkat 和其他T 细胞系产生的 IL-2、IL-8 和 TNF-α 的产生。SP-100030 降低小鼠胶原性关节炎 (CIA)。

MD2-TLR4-IN-1 是一种骨髓分化蛋白 2/toll 样受体 4 (MD2-TLR4) 复合物抑制剂，能够抑制巨噬细胞 LPS 诱导的 TNF-α 和 IL-6 的表达，IC50值分别为 0.89 和 0.53 μM。

Phellopterin 是一种分离自P. trifoliata 中的天然产物。它能够调节 Akt 和 PKC 通路，抑制 TNF-alpha 诱导的 VCAM-1 表达，进而减少单核细胞与内皮细胞的粘附。

TNF-α-IN-14是一种有效且选择性的TNFα抑制剂，IC50值为1.1 µM，具有抗炎特性(WO2001072735A2; compound 12)。

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland, as well as in keratinocytes, astrocytes, monocytes, and gastrointestinal cells.1It is an agonist of melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) and MC4R that induces cAMP production in Hepa cells expressing the human receptors (EC50s = 0.16 and 56 nM, respectively).2α-MSH (100 pM) reducesS. aureuscolony formation andC. albicansgerm tube formationin vitro.3It inhibits endotoxin-, ceramide-, TNF-α-, or okadaic acid-induced activation of NF-κB in U937 cells.1α-MSH reduces IL-6- or TNF-α-induced ear edema in mice.4It also prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and increases survival in a mouse model of septic shock. Increased plasma levels of α-MSH are positively correlated with delayed disease progression and reduced death in patients with HIV.1 1.Catania, A., Airaghi, L., Colombo, G., et al.α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in normal human physiology and disease statesTrends Endocrinol. Metab.11(8)304-308(2000) 2.Miwa, H., Gantz, I., Konda, Y., et al.Structural determinants of the melanocortin peptides required for activation of melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptorsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.273(1)367-372(1995) 3.Cutuli, M., Cristiani, S., Lipton, J.M., et al.Antimicrobial effects of a-MSH peptidesJ. Leukoc. Biol.67(2)233-239(2000) 4.Lipton, J.M., Ceriani, G., Macaluso, A., et al.Antiiinflammatory effect of the neuropeptide a-MSH in acute, chronic, and systemic inflammationAnn. N.Y. Acad. Sci.25(741)137-148(1994)

Certolizumab pegol (Certolizumab) 是经过重组和聚乙二醇化处理的人源化单克隆抗体抗原结合片段，它选择性地靶向并中和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)。适用于类风湿关节炎和克罗恩病的研究领域。

DSTYSLSSTLTLSK TFA 是用于 Infliximab (Avakine) 定量检测的通用肽。Infliximab (Avakine) 是一种嵌合单克隆IgG1抗体，能特异性地结合到 TNF-α。

Maceneolignan A，一种可从肉豆蔻（肉豆蔻科）假种皮分离的天然产品，有能力抑制RBL-2H3细胞内β-己糖胺酶释放，其IC50值为48.4 μM。同样，Maceneolignan A对抗原激活的RBL-2H3细胞中TNF-α释放的抑制作用，其IC50为63.7 μM。

8-bromo NAD+ 作为循环ADP-核糖（cADPR）抑制剂8-bromo cADPR的前药形式，通过CD38转化为8-bromo-cADPR。在1 mM浓度下，8-bromo NAD+ 阻止由N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) 在分离的小鼠骨髓衍生的中性粒细胞内引起的细胞内钙水平增加和趋化作用。同时，在100 µM浓度下使用，减少了小鼠原代小胶质细胞中LPS诱导的亚硝酸盐产生以及TNF-α和IL-2的分泌。

IKKβ-IN-1 是一种有效的、口服具有活力的 IkappaB(IKK-β) 抑制剂 (IC50: 0.20 μM)。IKKβ-IN-1 能够减少抑制小鼠巨噬细胞中 PGE2和 TNF-α的产生。IKKβ-IN-1 对小鼠具有保护作用，使其免受感染性休克诱导的死亡。

TAT-14 是 由14 个氨基酸组成的多肽，是 Nrf2激活因子，表现出抗炎活性。它通过靶向 Nrf2 上 Keap1 的结合位点而非 Nrf2 mRNA 表达来提高 Nrf2 蛋白水平。

Anti-inflammatory agent 22 (compound 14a) is a potent orally active compound with anti-inflammatory properties. It effectively inhibits the production of TNF-α induced by LPS, exhibiting an IC50 value of 14.6 μM. Additionally, Anti-inflammatory agent 22 has demonstrated its ability to prevent adipogenesis and effectively suppress limb lymphedema volume in mice. This compound holds promise for the treatment of inflammation-related conditions, particularly lymphedematous tissue disorders [1].

Glucocorticoid receptor modulator1 是一种高效且具有口服活性的 NF-κB 和 AP-1抑制剂，IC50分别为 9 nM 和 130 nM。Glucocorticoid receptor modulator1 可有效降低炎症因子 IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α 的表达，可缓解小鼠皮炎。

1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid is a phospholipid containing arachidonic acid at the sn-1 position. It has been found in rat brain as 37% of the arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species and is a precursor to 1-arachidonoyl glycerol . 1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid binds to the LPA2/EDG4 receptor with an EC50 value of approximately 10 nM. It prevents TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in wild-type but not Lpa2-/- dendritic cells stimulated by LPS. It also decreases differentiation of HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells to goblet cells in the presence of sodium butyrate.

STINGagonist-23 (CF502) 是一种非核苷酸小分子 STING 激动剂。STINGagonist-23 激活 STING，增加 STING、TBK1和 IRF3的磷酸化。STINGagonist-23 可促进肿瘤细胞中 IFN-β、IL-6、CXCL-10、TNF-α、ISG-15和 CCL-5的水平。STINGagonist-23 表现出抗 SARS-CoV 系列的活性。

STINGagonist-25 (CF505) 是一种非核苷酸小分子 STING 激动剂。STINGagonist-23 激活 STING，增加 STING、TBK1和 IRF3的磷酸化。STINGagonist-23 可促进肿瘤细胞中IFN-β、IL-6、CXCL-10、TNF-α、ISG-15和CCL-5的水平。STINGagonist-23 表现出抗SARS-CoV 系列的活性。

AMS-17 is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor, which effectively suppresses microglia activation both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, AMS-17 exhibits inhibitory effects on various cytokines, such as caspase-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), in N9 cells. Given these properties, AMS-17 holds promise as a valuable tool for investigating inflammation-associated neurological disorders [1].

STING agonist 12b is an agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING).1It binds to STING (Kd= 26.4 μM) and induces interferon reporter gene expression in cells expressing human or mouse STING (EC50s = 7.45 and 10.23 μM, respectively). STING agonist 12b (40 μM) induces expression of TNF-a, IL-6, IP-10, and IL-1b in THP-1 cells. 1.Hou, S., Lan, X.-j., Li, W., et al.Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of acridone analogues as novel STING receptor agonistsBioorg. Chem.95103556(2020)

Ansatrienin B is an ansamycin antibiotic and antifungal agent first isolated from S. collinus and S. rishiriensis., In fetal rat long bones, it is an inhibitor of parathyroid hormone-induced calcium release (IC50 = 21 nM), which is a measure of bone resorption, and pp60c-src kinase (IC50 = 50 nM). It is an inhibitor of translation at the protein synthesis stage by specific inhibition of L-leucine incorporation (IC50 = 58 nM in A549 cells). It also inhibits TNF-α-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1; IC50 = 300 nM). Early in vitro studies showed that ansatrienin B potentiates the chemotherapeutic action of 5-fluorouracil , cisplatin , bleomycin , mitomycin C , and 6-mercaptopurine. Ansatrienin B is a hydroquinone form of ansatrienin A .

9(Z),11(E)-Conjugated linoleic acid is an isomer of linoleic acid that has been found in beef and milk fat.1It binds to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα; IC50= 140 nM) and activates the receptor in a reporter assay using COS-1 cells expressing mouse PPARα when used at a concentration of 100 μM.29(Z),11(E)-Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits TNF-α-inducedGLUT4expression and increases insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.3Dietary administration of 9(Z)11(E)-conjugated linoleic acid reduces serum fasting glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels and decreases white adipose tissue macrophage infiltration inob/obmice. It also increases body weight gain and body fat in weanling mice.4[Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1278] 1.Shultz, T.D., Chew, B.P., Seaman, W.R., et al.Inhibitory effect of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid and β-carotene on the in vitro growth of human cancer cellsCancer Lett.63(2)125-133(1992) 2.Moya-Camarena, S.Y., Heuvel, J.P.V., Blanchard, S.G., et al.Conjugated linoleic acid is a potent naturally occurring ligand and activator of PPARαJ. Lipid Res.40(8)1426-1433(1999) 3.Moloney, F., Toomey, S., Noone, E., et al.Antidiabetic effects of cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid may be mediated via anti-inflammatory effects in white adipose tissueDiabetes56(3)574-582(2007) 4.Pariza, M.W., Park, Y., and Cook, M.E.The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acidProg. Lipid Res.40(4)283-298(2001)

p38 MAPK inhibitor (IC50 = 0.38 μM). Inhibits the release of IL-1β and TNF-α in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) assay (IC50 values are 0.039 and 0.16 μM respectively). Laufer et al (2003) Novel substituted pyridinyl imidazoles as potent anticytokine agents with low activity against hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes. J.Med.Chem. 46 3230 PMID:12852754 |Kammerer et al (2007) Pharmacokinetics of ML3403 ({4-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-3H-imidazol-4-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-(1-phenylethyl)-amine), a 4-pyridinylimidazole-type p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor. Drug Metab.Dispos. 35 875 PMID:17344341

PDE4-IN-10 (compound 7a) 是一种有效的PDE4抑制剂，其对PDE4B 的IC50值为 7.01 μM。PDE4-IN-10 表现出选择性，微粒体稳定性，对TNF-α有抑制作用，并且在体外无明显毒性。

AS1940477 is p38 MAPK inhibitor. AS1940477 inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant p38α and β isoforms but showed no effect against other 100 protein kinases including p38γ and δ isoforms. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, AS1940477 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or phytohemagglutinin A (PHA)-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 at low concentrations (LPS TNFα, IC(50)=0.45n M; PHA TNFα, IC(50)=0.40 nM). In addition, equivalent concentrations of AS1940477 that inhibited cytokine production also inhibited TNFα- and IL-1 β-induced production of IL-6, PGE(2), and MMP-3 in human synovial stromal cells. AS1940477 was also found to potently inhibit TNF production in whole blood (IC(50)=12 nM) and effectively inhibited TNFα production induced by systemically administered LPS in rats at less than 0.1mg kg (ED(50)=0.053 mg kg) with an anti-inflammatory effect lasting for 20h after oral administration. Overall, this stu......

Ruplizumab (BG 9588) 是一种人源化单克隆抗 CD40L(TNF Receptor) IgG1κ 抗体。Ruplizumab 具有用于系统性红斑狼疮疾病研究的潜力。

Euphohelioscopin A, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), it inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of the myeloid leukemia cell lines THP-1 and HL-60. Euphohelioscopin A has anti-inflammary activity, it exhibits moderate inhibitory activity

Mollugin (Rubimaillin) 是Rubia cordifolia L.中主要的生物活性成分。它能通过 p38-Smad 信号通路增强 BMP-2 的成骨作用。它通过抑制 TNF-α 诱导的 NF-κB 激活起抗癌疗效。

TNF-α-IN-12 作为一种效能显著的TNF-α抑制剂，其IC50值为0.1 μM，能有效降低血液中TNF-α的水平。

Anti-inflammatory agent 61 (Compound 5b)为一种高效抗炎化合物，能够降低LPS诱导的RAW 264.7细胞中的TNF-α表达，并可缓解APAP引起的HepG2细胞炎症。

Mca-(endo-1a-Dap(Dnp))-TNF-Alpha (-5 to +6) amide (human) 为一种基于FRET (荧光共振能量转移) 原理的多肽底物，通过其裂解引起的荧光强度变化来评估其活性。

NCI 126224 是一种 toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) 的拮抗剂。它在 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞中，选择性抑制由 TLR4 激动剂 LPS 引起的一氧化氮 (NO) 产生（IC50 = 0.31 µM），而对 TLR7/8 激动剂 R-848、TLR1/2 激动剂 Pam3CSK4 以及 TLR3 激动剂 poly(I:C) 的影响较小；但对于相同细胞中由 TLR2/6 激动剂 FSL-1 引起的 NO 产生，其抑制作用在 0.6 µM 时亦显现。此外，NCI 126224 在 BV-2 微胶质细胞的报告实验中抑制了 LPS 引起的 NF-κB 活性，并在 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞中降低了 LPS 引起的 IL-1β 和 TNF-α 水平（IC50s = 5.92, 0.42, 和 1.54 µM，分别）。

Cetrelimab (JNJ 63723283; JNJ 3283) 为人源化IgG4κ单克隆抗体，专门针对PD-1。其与PD-1的结合Kd值为1.72 nM（在HEK293细胞中测得）。Cetrelimab有效阻断PD-1与其配体PD-L1和PD-L2的结合，其IC50值分别为111.7 ng mL与138.6 ng mL。此外，Cetrelimab能激活外周T细胞，提升细胞因子（IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α）的表达水平，进而抑制肿瘤在体内的生长。

TNF-α-IN-16 是一款有效的 TNFα 抑制剂，其 IC50 值小于 0.6 μM，并且具有抗炎特性 (WO2001072735A2；example 18)。

NG 25 is a type II kinase inhibitor that inhibits MAP4K2 and TAK1 (IC50s = 21.7 and 149 nM, respectively).1It also inhibits the Src family kinases Src and LYN (IC50s = 113 and 12.9 nM, respectively) and Abl family kinases (IC50s = 75.2 nM), as well as CSK, FER, and p38α (IC50s = 56.4, 82.3, and 102 nM, respectively). NG 25 (100 nM) prevents TNF-α-induced IKKα/β phosphorylation and IκB-α degradation in L929 cells. It inhibits secretion of IFN-α and IFN-β induced by CpG type B and CL097, respectively, in Gen2.2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.2NG 25 decreases cell viability of HCT116KRASWT, and to a greater degree of HCT116KRASG13D, colorectal cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.3It also reduces tumor growth and increases the number of TUNEL-positive tumor cells in a CT26KRASG12Dmouse orthotopic model of colorectal cancer. 1.Tan, L., Nomanbhoy, T., Gurbani, D., et al.Discovery of type II inhibitors of TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP4K2)J. Med. Chem.58(1)183-196(2015) 2.Pauls, E., Shpiro, N., Peggie, M., et al.Essential role for IKKβ in production of type 1 interferons by plasmacytoid dendritic cellsJ. Biol. Chem. 287(23)19216-19228(2012) 3.Ma, Q., Gu, L., Liao, S., et al.NG25, a novel inhibitor of TAK1, suppresses KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivoApoptosis24(1-2)83-94(2019)

TNF-α-IN-2 is a highly potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), exhibiting an IC50 of 25 nM in the HTRF assay. It exerts its inhibitory effects by inducing conformational changes in the TNFα trimer upon binding, resulting in disrupted signaling when the trimer interacts with TNFR1. TNF-α-IN-2 holds promise as a valuable tool for investigating the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis[1].