Bryostatin 1 is a natural macrolide isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina and is a CNS)permeable PKC modulator. Bryostatin 1 binds to the isolated C1 domain of Munc13-1 and the full-length Munc13-1 protein (Kis: 8.07 nM and 0.45 nM).

Bryostatin 1 (1 μM; 5 minutes; HT22 cells) treatment successfully recruits Munc13-1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Effects of Bryostatin 1 on the other Munc13 family members, ubMunc13-2 and bMunc13-2, resembled those of Munc13-1 for translocation. The increased level of expression of Munc13-1 following a 24 h incubation with Bryostatin 1 in both HT22 and primary mouse hippocampal cells is observed [1]. Bryostatin 1 can also affect the immune system by modulating dendritic cells (DCs) via TLR4 through the MyD88-independent pathway which favors an anti-inflammatory environment by inducing a type 2 phenotype that promotes the differentiation of CD4+ T-helper (Th) lymphocytes into Th2 versus Th1 effector cells [2].

Bryostatin 1 (30 μg/kg; i.p.; 3 d per week; for 2 weeks) treatment abolishes the onset of EAE [2].