Liraglutide (Liraglutida) is a synthetic analog of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an agonist of the GLP-1 receptor. Liraglutide can be used to treat type 2 diabetes and chronic obesity.

方法: 人肝癌细胞 HepG2 用 Liraglutide (5-20 µM) 处理 48 h，通过直接细胞计数检测细胞活力。
结果: 孵育 48 h，与对照组相比，15 µM 和 20 µM 的 Liraglutide 导致细胞增殖显著降低。[1]
方法: 胰腺 βTC-6 细胞用 Liraglutide (1 nM) 处理 3-30 min，通过 Western Blot 检测靶点蛋白表达水平。
结果: 与未处理的细胞相比，用 Liraglutide 处理细胞会导致促生存激酶 AKT 在 Ser47 3处的磷酸化随时间增加。[2]

方法: 为研究对糖尿病的作用，将 Liraglutide (100 µg/kg) 腹腔注射给 2 型糖尿病 BKS 小鼠模型，每天一次，持续两周。
结果: Liraglutide 可以恢复胰岛大小，减少胰岛 β 细胞凋亡，改善 nephrin 表达，nephrin 是一种参与 β 细胞存活信号传导的蛋白质。Liraglutide 通过抑制 caspase-3 的激活，保护 βTC-6 细胞免受血清戒断诱导的凋亡。[2]

Assay of ProRS activity: The prolyl tRNA synthetase domain of human EPRS (ProRS) is expressed in E.coli with a 6-his tag and purified. Enzymatic activity is assayed using incorporation of 3H Pro into the tRNA fraction essentially, except that the charged tRNA fraction is isolated by rapid batchwise binding to Mono Q sepharose and quantitated by liquid scintillation counting. For all kinetic assays, the concentration of active enzyme in the reaction is 40 nM. Similar inhibition by HF is seen using the human ProRS domain purified from bacteria and full length EPRS purified from rat liver.

C11-STH cells are cultured to confluence at 37°C in gelatin-coated Nunclon cell culture dishes in Media-199 supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin, 20% FCS, 20 μg/ml endothelial cell growth factor and 20 μg/ml heparin. C11-STH cells are incubated under serum free conditions with liraglutide (100 nM) or the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin (9-39) (100 nM) alone or with 10 ng/ml TNFα for 16 h alone or in combination with liraglutide and/or exendin (9-39). ELISA assays for VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are performed using conditioned medium from C11-STH cells to determine protein expression levels.(Only for Reference)