Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus activity, with an EC50 value of 0.01 µM in PBMC cells, and can be used to study HIV infection.

NRTI:0.01 µM(EC50)

方法：Emtricitabine（25,50,100μM）处理 Vero E6 细胞，前后处理后获得的 SARS-CoV-2 滴度 ，采用MTT法评价Emtricitabine对Vero E6的细胞毒性。
结果：Emtricitabine在100μM（59.6%）、50μM（43.4%）和25μM（33.3%）时表现出抗SARS-CoV-2活性。[5]

Reproductive and developmental toxicology studies are performed with emtricitabine. Oral doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day provided a daily area under the curve (AUC0→24) exposure to pregnant animals approximately 60- (mice) to 120-fold (rabbits) higher than that in humans at the recommended dose of 200 mg given once per day. In a mouse fertility study, emtricitabine had no effect on fertility, sperm count, or early embryonic development. There is no increased incidence of malformations in mouse and rabbit embryofetal toxicology studies. The development and fertility of F1 progeny are unaffected by emtricitabine in a mouse pre- and post-natal study. These data shows a favorable pre-clinical reproductive safety profile for emtricitabine[6].

EA.hy926 cells were plated in a 12-, 24- or 96-well plates and grown in DMEM media supplemented with 3% FCS. Endothelial cells from PARP+/+and PARP-/- mice were isolated and cultured. Cell viability was determined by the reduction of yellow MTT into a purple formazan product by mitochondrial dehydrogenases of metabolically active cells. Following the treatment period, the experimental medium was removed and 100 μL MTT (1 mg/mL) added. After 1 h incubation, the MTT solution was carefully removed and the purple crystals were solubilized in 100 μL of DMSO. The DMSO was transferred to an ELISA plate and absorbance measured at 550 nm with a 620 nm[3].