gskj1 lithium salt

GSK-J1 lithium salt 是一种有效的 H3K27me3/me2-去甲基化酶 JMJD3/KDM6B 和 UTX/KDM6A 的抑制剂，对 KDM6B 的 IC50值为 60 nM。

D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 是碳水化合物代谢的中间体，包括糖酵解和糖异生。在糖酵解过程中，它是由磷酸果糖激酶磷酸化果糖-6-磷酸产生的。由果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶-1介导的逆反应是糖异生的限速步骤之一。同样的反应也发生在植物的叶绿体中，D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 作为还原性戊糖磷酸循环的一部分。由于癌细胞采用糖酵解作为代谢能量产生的主要来源，这一途径已成为癌症化疗的主要靶点。

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid potassium salt (1-NAA Potassium Salt) 是一种合成的植物生长素，能够促进植物生长，也是一种PLA2抑制剂，IC50=13.16 μM。

Acetoacetic acid lithium salt (Lithium 3-Oxobutyrate) 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

CTP Synthetase-IN-1 Ammonium salt 是一种具有口服活性和高效性的胞苷 5'-三磷酸合成酶 (CTPS) 抑制剂，具有潜在的抗菌抗炎抗肿瘤活性，可用于研究 SARS-CoV-2病毒感染。

Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt (158563-45-2 free base) (Melanostatine-5 acetate salt) 是一种肽激素，是一种有效的 α-黑色素细胞刺激素 (α-MSH) 拮抗剂，IC50 为 11 nM。

C15AlkOPP Tetrabutylamine salt (1：2)是一种FPP 类似物，具有炔基，允许前戊酰化后的蛋白质标记。C15AlkOPP Tetrabutylamine salt (1：2)可用于异戊二烯组学分析。

BIO-11006 acetate salt (901117-03-1 free base) 是一种多糖基化富含丙氨酸的 C 激酶底物 (MARCKS) 抑制剂，类似于 MANS 肽。

1-Naphthyl phosphate potassium salt 是非特异性磷酸酶 (phosphatase) 抑制剂，能够降低剪接校正作用。

Somatorelin (1-44) amide is a synthetic peptide that corresponds to the full 44-amino acid sequence of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), a hormone that stimulates the production of growth hormone from the pituitary gland and is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation.1,2Somatorelin induces growth hormone release similarly to GHRHin vitroandin vivo.1

GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr-/-) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003). GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr-/-) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2 References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003).

PAR2 (1-6) amide is a synthetic peptide agonist of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) that corresponds to residues 1-6 of the amino terminal tethered ligand sequence of human PAR2 and residues 37-42 of the full-length sequence.1It binds to NCTC 2544 cells expressing human PAR2 (Ki= 9.64 μM in a radioligand binding assay) and induces calcium mobilization in the same cells (EC50= 0.075 μM).2PAR2 (1-6) amide (100 μM) reduces colony formation of A549 lung cancer cells.1It induces superoxide production and degranulation in isolated human eosinophils when used at a concentration of 500 μM.3PAR2 (1-6) amide (5 μmol/kg) induces tear secretion in rats when used in combination with amastatin .4 1.Bohm, S.K., Kong, W., Bromme, D., et al.Molecular cloning, expression and potential functions of the human proteinase-activated receptor-2Biochem. J.314(Pt 3)1009-1016(1996) 2.Kanke, T., Ishiwata, H., Kabeya, M., et al.Binding of a highly potent protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) activating peptide, [3H]2-furoyl-LIGRL-NH2, to human PAR2Br. J. Pharmacol.145(2)255-263(2005) 3.Miike, S., McWilliam, A.S., and Kita, H.Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2J. Immunol.167(11)6615-6622(2001) 4.Nishikawa, H., Kawai, K., Tanaka, M., et al.Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2)-related peptides induce tear secretion in rats: Involvement of PAR-2 and non-PAR-2 mechanismsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.312(2)324-331(2005)

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate is an intermediate in glycogen metabolism.1,2It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucose, the glucose donor in glycogen biosynthesis.2α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate can be formed during glycogen breakdownviaphosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen by glycogen phosphorylase.1It can be converted to glucose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase. α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate is combined with CTP by α-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase to form CDP-glucose in the first step of CDP-D-tyvelose biosynthesis inS. typhi.3Bacterial sucrose phosphorylase converts sucrose and phosphate into D-fructose and α-D-glucose-1-phosphate.4 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Glycogen breakdown requires the interplay of several enzymesBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Glycogen is synthesized and degraded by different pathwaysBiochemistry(2002) 3.Koropatkin, N.M., and Holden, H.M.Molecular structure of ɑ-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from Salmonella typhiJ. Biol. Chem.279(42)44023-44029(2004) 4.Goedl, C., Schwarz, A., Minani, A., et al.Recombinant sucrose phosphorylase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides: Characterization, kinetic studies of transglucosylation, and application of immobilised enzyme for production of ɑ-Ｄ-glucose 1-phosphateJ. Biotechnol.129(1)77-86(2007)

1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid is a phospholipid containing arachidonic acid at the sn-1 position. It has been found in rat brain as 37% of the arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species and is a precursor to 1-arachidonoyl glycerol . 1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid binds to the LPA2/EDG4 receptor with an EC50 value of approximately 10 nM. It prevents TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in wild-type but not Lpa2-/- dendritic cells stimulated by LPS. It also decreases differentiation of HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells to goblet cells in the presence of sodium butyrate.

1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-Palmitoyl LPA) is a LPA analog containing palmitic acid at the sn-1 position. LPA binds to one of five different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to mediate a variety of biological responses including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite retraction, and cell motility. In addition to playing a role in the aforementioned biological responses, 1-palmitoyl LPA enhances the action of β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, piperacillin, and ceftazidime) on various strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen associated with pulmonary disease and pneumonia, via binding both Ca2+ and Mg2+.

5-Phospho-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) is a natural intermediate involved in the pentose phosphate pathway leading to purine, pyrimidine, and histidine metabolism. It is also an intermediate in the synthesis of plant hormones, alkaloids, and other secondary metabolites from glucose. Several phosphoribosyltransferases (PRTases) use PRPP as a substrate to add a 5-phosphoribosyl group to another substrate, as in the production of adenosine monophosphate from adenine and PRPP by adenine PRTase. N/A

Biotin-amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is an affinity probe that allows amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) to be detected or immobilized through interaction with the biotin ligand. It has been used to identify Aβ42 interaction partners in rat hippocampal synaptosomal membranes.

Phosphonomycin (R)-1-phenethylamine salt 是一种有用的有机化合物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T65395，CAS号为 25383-07-7。

Histone H2BK12ac (1-22)-GGK-biotin amide (trifluoroacetate salt) 可用于生命科学领域的相关研究，其产品编号为 T36095。

Ribavirin 5'-monophosphate (lithium salt)对 IMP 脱氢酶（将 IMP 转化为 XMP）具体直接抑制作用

Phenol, 3-methyl-, sodium salt (1:1) is a bioactive chemical.

Phthalamic acid, N-(5-(p-aminophenoxy)pentyl)-, lithium salt is a bioactive chemical.

β-Glycerophosphate Disodium Salt Hydrate is a classical serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitor used in kinase reaction buffers often used in combination with other phosphatase/protease inhibitors for broad spectrum inhibition and functions as an organic phosphate donor.

Mevalonic acid lithium salt, is essential for cell growth and proliferation.

β-Endorphin (1-27) is an endogenous peptide that binds to μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors (Kis = 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively, in COS-1 cells expressing rat receptors). It binds to rat and mouse brain membrane preparations (IC50s = 1.1 and 5.7 nM, respectively) and induces chemotaxis of human monocytes in vitro when used at a concentration of 1 nM. Intracerebroventricular administration of β-endorphin (1-27) increases the latency to tail withdrawal in response to thermal stimulation in mice with a median antinociceptive dose (AD50) of 1,500 pmol per animal. It inhibits antinociception induced by β-endorphin in mice in response to thermal stimuli when administered at a dose of 65 pmol per animal. In rats, β-endorphin (1-27) does not affect drug-associated place preference when administered at doses up to 20 μg, i.c.v., but inhibits β-endorphin-induced place preference when administered at a dose of 10 μg per animal.

Brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (brain-derived aFGF) (1-11) is a peptide fragment of brain-derived aFGF. Brain-derived aFGF is an angiogenic vascular endothelial cell mitogen produced in bovine brain that has sequence homology to interleukin-1. aFGF (1-11) corresponds to amino acid residues 1-11 of the full length peptide.

Phospho-L-arginine is a phosphorylated form of L-arginine and a highly diffusible, high-energy metabolite and phosphagen involved in energy storage in invertebrates including crustaceans, insects, and Trypanosoma species. In the locust L. migratoria, phospho-L-arginine is found in the flight muscles, where it acts as both a buffer system and shuttle mechanism for high-energy phosphate. Measurement of phospho-L-arginine by 31P-NMR spectroscopy has been used to study invertebrate energy metabolism in vivo.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-13) is an N-terminal fragment of PTH (1-34) . In vivo, PTH (1-13) (0.003-1 μmol/kg) increases mean arterial pressure (MAP) in anesthetized rats.

Heparin Lithium salt 是一种抗凝剂，能够可逆的结合抗凝血酶III (ATIII)。Heparin Lithium salt 明显阻碍外泌体-细胞相互作用。

Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt (α-D-Galactose-1-phosphate Dipotassium Pentahydrate) 是一种半乳糖代谢中的中间体和核苷酸糖。

Nonapeptide-1 (Melanostatine-5) acetate salt，一种多肽类激素，是 MC1R 选择性拮抗剂 (Ki: 40 nM)。 Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt 是一种竞争性的α-MSH 拮抗剂，可有效抑制黑素细胞中 α-MSH 诱导的细胞内 cAMP 和黑素体扩散 (IC50分别为 2.5 nM 和 11 nM)。 Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt 抑制黑色素合成，可用于研究皮肤色素沉着和肾上腺类固醇生成的调节、皮肤癌。

[6-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl]boronic acid hydrochloride salt is an intermediate and building block–boronic acid, heterocyclic compound-pyridine.

(S)-2-((S)-2-((S)-1-((S)-2-((S)-2-(2-((S)-1-((S)-1-((S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)acetamido)-3-phenylpropanamido)-3-hydroxypropanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)-3-phenylpropanamido)-5-guanidinopentanoic acid acetic acid salt 在生命科学相关研究中具有广泛的应用。

Amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) is a neurotoxic 42-amino acid protein fragment found in amyloid plaques in postmortem cerebral cortex from patients with Alzheimer's disease.1,2,3Aggregation of Aβ42 results in the formation of neurotoxic fibrils or globular oligomers.1Aβ42 accumulates in the brain of many transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and, in many models, the onset of amyloid deposition positively correlates with deficits in spatial learning and memory.4 1.Wolfe, M.S.Therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's diseaseNat. Rev. Drug Discov.1(11)859-866(2002) 2.Iwatsubo, T., Odaka, A., Suzuki, N., et al.Visualization of Aβ42(43) and Aβ40 in senile plaques with end-specific Aβ monoclonals: Evidence that an initially deposited species is Aβ42(43)Neuron13(1)45-53(1994) 3.Hardy, J.A., and Higgins, G.A.Alzheimer's disease: The amyloid cascade hypothesisScience256(5054)184-185(1992) 4.Jankowsky, J.L., and Zheng, H.Practical considerations for choosing a mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseMol. Neurodegener.12(1)89(2017)

Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is a neuropeptide found in rat hippocampus, brain stem, and pituitary. It is also present in the human hypothalamus, where it comprises approximately 4.9% of total β-endorphin peptides. Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is produced through posttranslational processing of β-endorphin and is processed similarly in rat and human hypothalamus. Levels of acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) increase in the rat pars intermedia and brain stem following chronic administration of haloperidol .

β-Defensin-1 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth ofB. adolescentis,L. acidophilus,B. breve,B. vulgatus,L. fermentum,B. longum, andS. thermophilusin an antimicrobial radial diffusion assay.2β-Defensin-1 also inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius, and of susceptibleM. tuberculosisH37Rv but not of resistantM. tuberculosisRM22 when used at a concentration of 128 μg/ml.3,4It blocks human and mouse Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels (IC50s = 11.8 and 13.2 μM, respectively).5Overexpression of β-defensin-1 in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines HSC-3, UM-1, and SCC-9 increases migration and invasion but not proliferation.6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Schroeder, B.O., Ehmann, D., Precht, J.C., et al.Paneth cell α-defensin 6 (HD-6) is an antimicrobial peptideMucosal Immunol.8(3)661-671(2015) 3.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 4.Fattorini, L., Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M., et al.In vitro activity of protegrin-1 and beta-defensin-1, alone and in combination with isoniazid, against Mycobacterium tuberculosisPeptides25(7)1075-1077(2004) 5.Feng, J., Xie, Z., Yang, W., et al.Human beta-defensin 1, a new animal toxin-like blocker of potassium channelToxicon113(2016) 6.Han, Q., Wang, R., Sun, C., et al.Human beta-defensin-1 suppresses tumor migration and invasion and is an independent predictor for survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patientsPLoS One9(3)e91867(2014)

PI(3,4)P2 (18:1) ammonium salt 作为一种多磷酸化磷脂酰肌醇，主要功能是激活磷脂酰肌醇 3 激酶（PI3K），由此促进AKT(蛋白激酶B)的活化，从而对细胞的代谢、生长和存活产生重要影响。此外，该化合物还参与调控细胞骨架的动态变化，进而影响细胞形态和运动。该化合物广泛应用于癌症、糖尿病和心血管疾病的发病机制研究中。

Brain-derived basic fibroblast growth factor (1-24) (brain-derived bFGF) is a peptide fragment of brain-derived bFGF. bFGF is a peptide produced in bovine brain that is protective in a rat model of pressure-induced retinal ischemia. bFGF (1-24) corresponds to amino acid residues 1-24 of the full length peptide.

Osteocalcin (1-49) is a non-collagenous peptide that is secreted by osteoblasts and odontoblasts and comprises 1-2% of the total protein in bone. Secretion of osteocalcin (1-49) is stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and plasma levels increase in diseases that induce dysregulated bone turnover such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteocalcin (1-49) is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity and negatively correlated with high blood glucose levels in women. In vitro, osteocalcin induces chemotaxis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, human peripheral blood monocytes, and rat osteosarcoma cells with osteoblast-like characteristics. It is also expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) displaying an osteoblast-like phenotype and has been positively associated with calcification of aortic tissue and heart valves in humans.

TAMRA-Amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is a fluorescently labeled peptide. Amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) is a neurotoxic 42-residue protein fragment found in amyloid plaques in postmortem cerebral cortex from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Aggregation of Aβ42 results in the formation of neurotoxic fibrils or globular oligomers. TAMRA-Amyloid-β (1-42) peptide is a labeled form of Aβ42 containing carboxytetramethyl rhodamine (TAMRA), which displays excitation/emission maxima of 543/572 nm, respectively.

Cortistatin-29 (1-13) is a neuropeptide and cleavage product of cortistatin-29 , which is a cleavage product of procortistatin. Cortistatin-29 (1-13) corresponds to the first 13 amino acids of cortistatin-29.

MJ33 lithium salt 是 NADPH 氧化酶 2 型介导的 ROS 生成抑制剂，是一种氟化磷脂类似物，可抑制过氧化物还蛋白 6 （Prdx6） 的磷脂酶 A2 （PLA2） 活性，可用于研究急性肺损伤。

The truncated glucagon-like peptides GLP-1(7-37) is naturally occurring peptide product of the preproglucagon gene that are synthesized primarily in the intestine and acts as incretin that are released from the intestine into the bloodstream in response to food and stimulate insulin secretion. GLP-1(7-37) produced a dose-related enhancement of the glucose-stimulated increase in plasma insulin concentration and an increased rate of glucose infusion in Sprague-Dawley Rats at a dosing rang of 0.5, 5, or 50 pmol/min/kg. Further, infusion of GLP-1(7-37) for 60 mins produced a small transitory increase in plasma insulin concentration in fasted rats and fed rats and a slight transitory decrease in plasma glucose concentration. Moreover, GLP-1(7-37) (5 pmol/min/kg IV) infusion for 6 h in Sprague-Dawley rats produced a sustained increase in plasma insulin concentration relative to levels in rats infused with vehicle[1].

1-thio-β-D-Glucose is an analog of β-D-glucose in which sulfur replaces the hydroxyl group at the one position. The thiol group allows diverse chemical reactions, including click chemistry and polymerization. 1-thio-β-D-Glucose can be labeled with technetium-99m for analytical and diagnostic procedures. It can also be used as a substrate for glucose oxidase, which leads to the production of 1-thio-β-D-gluconic acid.

Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt) 是一种 GTP 类似物，不可水解，可增加腺苷酸环化酶 (adenylate cyclase) 活性。

Pseudomonic Acid (lithium salt) 是一种有用的有机化合物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T66859，CAS号为 73346-79-9。

Org 24598 lithium salt 是一种甘氨酸转运蛋白1 GlyT-1 抑制剂。Org 24598 lithium salt 可以抑制 [3H]CHIBA-3007 与大鼠体内脑膜的特异性结合（Ki=16.9 nM）。