Resolvin E1 is an effective endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation. Resolvin E1 has unique counterregulatory actions that inhibit PMN transendothelial migration. Resolvin E1 also acts as an effective inhibitor of leukocyte infiltration, dendritic cell migration, and IL-12 production.

Resolvin E1 specifically interacts with the LTB4 receptor BLT1 on neutrophils and ChemR23 on monocytes to regulate leukocytes during inflammation. Resolvin E1 also stimulates the uptake and clearance of local cytokine. Resolvin E1 (0.1-100 nM) gives concentration-dependent inhibition of TNF-α–induced NF-κB activation (EC50: ～1.0 nM in ChemR23-transfected cells). Resolvin E1 (100 nM) enhances phosphorylation of ERK mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase both in peripheral blood monocytes and HEK-ChemR23 cells [2][3].

Resolvin E1 (1.0 μg per mouse; 50 μg/kg; i.p.; on days -8, -1, and 0) protects mice from TNBS colitis[1].