Macranthoside A (Kalopanaxsaponin H) is a triterpenoid glycoside extracted from rehmannia and belongs to the iridoterpenoid synthesis. Macranthoside A has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and neuroprotective activities, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, helps neutralize harmful free radicals, protects cells from oxidative damage, and promotes the survival and growth of neurons. And prevent neuronal cell death caused by oxidative stress or neurotoxic compounds, which has the potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and liver damage.

Macranthoside A 在代谢过程中转化为Kalopanaxsaponin A和I、hederagenin 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside以及hederagenin。其中，Kalopanaxsaponin I 和 hederagenin 是Macranthoside A的主要代谢产物。在Kalopanaxsaponin B、H及其代谢产物中，Kalopanaxsaponin A展现了最强的抗糖尿病活性，其次是hederagenin。然而，K. pictus中的主要成分Kalopanaxsaponin B和Macranthoside A并未显示出活性[1]。