SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Protein (T95I & G142D & E154K & L452R & E484Q & D614G & P681R, His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 78.39 kDa and the accession number is A0A6G7K2L4.

SARS-CoV-2

HEK293 Cells

A DNA sequence encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (YP_009724390.1, with mutations T95I, G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R) (Met1-Arg685) was expressed with a C-terminal polyhistidine tag followed by an AVI tag. The expressed protein was biotinylated in vivo by the Biotin-Protein ligase (BirA enzyme) which is co-expressed. The mutations were identified in the SARS-CoV-2 variant (known as B.1.617.1) which emerged in the India. Predicted N terminal: Val 16

> 90 % as determined by SDS-PAGE.

A Certificate of Analysis (CoA) containing reconstitution instructions is included with the products. Please refer to the CoA for detailed information.

It is recommended to store recombinant proteins at -20°C to -80°C for future use. Lyophilized powders can be stably stored for over 12 months, while liquid products can be stored for 6-12 months at -80°C. For reconstituted protein solutions, the solution can be stored at -20°C to -80°C for at least 3 months. Please avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles and store products in aliquots.

The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; APN, aminopeptidase N; CEACAM, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1; Sia, sialic acid; O-ac Sia, O-acetylated sialic acid. The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate.