Nitrofurantoin (Furadantine), an antibiotic, inhibits bacterial DNA, RNA, and cell wall protein synthesis. Activated by bacterial flavoproteins to intermediates that inactivate bacterial ribosomal proteins, Nitrofurantoin is used prophylactically as a urinary anti-infective agent against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms and for long-term suppression of infections.

在体内，Nitrofurantoin （25-100 mg/kg，i.m.）以剂量依赖性方式减少了感染大鼠肾髓中的大肠杆菌复制和脓肿形成。它还能够预防大鼠在膀胱接种P. mirabilis临床分离株后的肾脏和膀胱感染。此外，Nitrofurantoin 亦在P. vulgaris尿道感染的大鼠模型中阻止尿液碱化和结石及脓肿形成。

HeLa cells are grown and infected with T. gondii for 24 hr in a 96-well microplate, and then treated with drugs. After 24 hr, 20 μl of MTS solution is added directly into culture wells, followed by incubating for 1.5 hr at 37?C and measuring the absorbance at 490 nm in a microplate reader. (Only for Reference)