cat

Catalase (CAT) is a member of the catalase family. It exists as a homotetramer that occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Catalase is localized in the peroxisome. Catalase promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells, and normal and transformed fibroblast cells. Defects in CAT are the cause of acatalasemia which is characterized by absence of catalase activity in red cells and is associated with ulcerating oral lesions.

Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Catalase-2 Protein, Arabidopsis thaliana, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 72.9 kDa and the accession number is P25819.

Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Catalase Protein, Capsicum annuum, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 62.5 kDa and the accession number is Q9M5L6.

Catalase is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a tetramer of four polypeptides chains containing four porphyrin heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with the hydrogen peroxide. The optimum PH of human catalase is approximately 7 and the optimum temperature is at 37 degree. Both the PH optimum and temperature for other catalases varies depending on the species. Catalase can be inhibited by a flux of O2-generated in situ by the aerobic xanthine oxidase reaction. This inhibition of catalase by O2-provides the basis for a synergism between superoxide dismutase and catalase.Such synergisms have been observed in vitro and may be significant in vivo. Catalase is used in the food industry for removing hydrogen peroxide from milk prior to cheese production. Another use is in food wrappers where it prevents food from oxidizing. Catalase is also used in the textile industry, removing hydrogen peroxide from fabrics to make sure the material is peroxide-free.

Defects in SOS1 are the cause of gingival fibromatosis 1 (GGF1) [MIM:135300]; also known as GINGF1. Gingival fibromatosis is a rare overgrowth condition. Defects in SOS1 are the cause of Noonan syndrome type 4 (NS4) [MIM:610733]. NS4 is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, short stature, hypertelorism, cardiac anomalies, deafness, motor delay, and a bleeding diathesis. It is a genetically heterogeneous and relatively common syndrome, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 1000-2500 live births. Rarely, NS4 is associated with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). SOS1 mutations engender a high prevalence of pulmonary valve disease; atrial septal defects are less common. characterized by a benign, slowly progressive, nonhemorrhagic, fibrous enlargement of maxillary and mandibular keratinized gingiva. GGF1 is usually transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, although sporadic cases are common.

Cathepsin S Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.6 kDa and the accession number is AAB94925.1.

Major allergen I polypeptide chain 1 Protein, Feline, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 15.3 kDa and the accession number is P30438.

HMGB1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Truncated) is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 13 KDa and the accession number is P09429.

Thiol protease which is believed to participate in intracellular degradation and turnover of proteins. Has also been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cathepsin F Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.4 kDa and the accession number is Q9UBX1.

Proteolytic enzyme possibly involved in normal cellular protein degradation and turnover. Cathepsin O Protein, Human, Recombinant (E. coli, His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 28.5 kDa and the accession number is P43234.

May have a specific function in the mechanism or regulation of T-cell cytolytic activity. Cathepsin W Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 35.2 kDa and the accession number is P56203.

The A chain is responsible for inhibiting protein synthesis through the catalytic inactivation of 60S ribosomal subunits by removing adenine from position 4,324 of 28S rRNA.; The B chain is a galactose-specific lectin that facilitates the binding of abrin to the cell membrane that precedes endocytosis.

The A chain is responsible for inhibiting protein synthesis through the catalytic inactivation of 60S ribosomal subunits by removing adenine from position 4,324 of 28S rRNA. Abrin-a is more toxic than ricin.; The B chain is a galactose-specific lectin that facilitates the binding of abrin to the cell membrane that precedes endocytosis. Abrin-a Protein, Abrus precatorius, Recombinant (Yeast, His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.1 kDa and the accession number is P11140.

Cysteine protease that plays an essential role in host liquefaction to facilitate horizontal transmission of the virus. Accumulates within infected cells as an inactive proenzyme (proV-CATH), which is activated by proteolytic cleavage upon cell death. AcMNPV Viral cathepsin Protein (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.9 kDa and the accession number is P25783.

Cathepsin E Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.1 kDa and the accession number is AAH62002.1.

Cathepsin V (CTSV), also known as Cathepsin L2, CTSL2, and CATL2, is a member of the peptidase C1 family. It is predominantly expressed in the thymus and testis. Cathepsin V is also expressed in corneal epithelium, and to a lesser extent in conjuctival epithelium and skin. It is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase that may play an important role in corneal physiology. It has about 75% protein sequence identity to murine cathepsin L. The fold of this enzyme is similar to the fold adopted by other members of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases. Cathepsin V has been recently described as highly homologous to Cathepsin L and exclusively expressed in human thymus and testis. Cathepsin V is the dominant cysteine protease in cortical human thymic epithelial cells, while Cathepsin L and Cathepsin S seem to be restricted to dendritic and macrophage-like cells. Active Cathepsin V in thymic lysosomal preparations was demonstrated by active-site labeling. Recombinant Cathepsin V was capable of converting Ii into CLIP efficiently, suggesting that it is the protease that controls the generation of alphabeta-CLIP complexes in the human thymus. Cathepsin V is the third elastolytic cysteine protease which exhibits the most potent elastase activity yet described among human proteases and that it is present in atherosclerotic plaque specimens. Cathepsin L2 may play a specialized role in the thymus and testis. Expression analysis of cathepsin L2 in human tumors revealed a widespread expression in colorectal and breast carcinomas but not in normal colon or mammary gland or in peritumoral tissues. Cathepsin L2 was also expressed by colorectal and breast cancer cell lines as well as by some tumors of diverse origin, including ovarian and renal carcinomas.

Cathepsin A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53 kDa and the accession number is P10619-1.

Cathepsin B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.2 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R374.

Cathepsin A Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 52.8 kDa and the accession number is P16675-1.

Cathepsin L Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.3 kDa and the accession number is P06797.

Cathepsin S Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37 kDa and the accession number is P25774-1.

Cathepsin Z Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 33.2 kDa and the accession number is Q545I6.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and play essential roles in various physiological processes such as morphogenesis, differentiation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling, as well as pathological processes including inflammation, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, and tumor invasion. Macrophage Metalloelastase, also known as Matrix metalloproteinase-12, Macrophage elastase, MMP12, and MMP-12, is a secreted protein that belongs to the peptidase M1A family. MMP12 is a macrophage-secreted elastase that is highly induced in the liver and lung in response to S. mansoni eggs and contains four hemopexin-like domains. MMP12 is a proteolytic enzyme responsible for the cleavage of plasminogen to angiotensin, which has an angiostatic effect. It may be involved in tissue injury and remodeling and has significant elastolytic activity. It may be related to prognosis in breast cancer patients. MMP12 promotes fibrosis by limiting the expression of specific ECM-degrading MMPs. Like MMP12, MMP13 expression is highly dependent on IL-13 and type I I-IL-4 receptor signaling. MMP12 is a potent proinflammatory and oncogenic molecule. MMP12 up-regulation plays a critical role in emphysema to lung cancer transition that is facilitated by inflammation.

Cathepsin D Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44 kDa and the accession number is P07339.

Exerts a potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi. Cathelicidin-6 Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.2 kDa and the accession number is P54228.

Cathepsin D Protein, Cricetulus griseus, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.3 kDa and the accession number is G3I4W7.

Thiol protease which is believed to participate in intracellular degradation and turnover of proteins. Cleaves matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein MEPE. Involved in the solubilization of cross-linked TG thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen. Has also been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cathepsin B Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54.6 kDa and the accession number is P07858.

ASP2 Protein, Necator americanus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

Acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is an intracellular enzyme that produces cholesteryl esters in various tissues. In mammals, two ACAT genes (ACAT1 and ACAT2) have been identified. Together, these two enzymes are involved in storing cholesteryl esters as lipid droplets, in macrophage foam-cell formation, in absorbing dietary cholesterol, and in supplying cholesteryl esters as part of the core lipid for lipoprotein synthesis and assembly. The key difference in tissue distribution of ACAT1 and ACAT2 between humans, mice and monkeys is that, in adult human liver (including hepatocytes and bile duct cells), the major enzyme is ACAT1, rather than ACAT2. There is compelling evidence implicating a role for ACAT1 in macrophage foam-cell formation, and for ACAT2 in intestinal cholesterol absorption.Ubiquitin linkage to cysteine is an unconventional modification targeting protein for degradation. However, the physiological regulation of cysteine ubiquitylation is still mysterious. Here we found that ACAT2, a cellular enzyme converting cholesterol and fatty acid to cholesteryl esters, was ubiquitylated on Cys277 for degradation when the lipid level was low. gp78-Insigs catalysed Lys48-linked polyubiquitylation on this Cys277. A high concentration of cholesterol and fatty acid, however, induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that oxidized Cys277, resulting in ACAT2 stabilization and subsequently elevated cholesteryl esters. Furthermore, ACAT2 knockout mice were more susceptible to high-fat diet-associated insulin resistance. By contrast, expression of a constitutively stable form of ACAT2 (C277A) resulted in higher insulin sensitivity. ACAT2 is an appealing target for therapy to reduce coronary heart disease.

Proinflammatory cytokines decreased the expression of CTSH in human islets and primary rat beta-cells, and overexpression of CTSH protected insulin-secreting cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis. Cathepsin H Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.62 kDa and the accession number is NP_004381.2.

Thiol protease involved in osteoclastic bone resorption and may participate partially in the disorder of bone remodeling. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation. Involved in the release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen.

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is the only enzyme capable of esterifying cholesterol in plasma, thus determining the maturation of high-density lipoproteins. Because it maintains an unesterified cholesterol gradient between peripheral cells and extracellular acceptors, for a long time, LCAT has been considered as a key enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport.

Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase Protein, Acinetobacter baylyi, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 23.9 kDa and the accession number is P61914.

The A chain is responsible for inhibiting protein synthesis through the catalytic inactivation of 60S ribosomal subunits by removing adenine from position 4,324 of 28S rRNA. Abrin-a is more toxic than ricin.; The B chain is a galactose-specific lectin that facilitates the binding of abrin to the cell membrane that precedes endocytosis. Abrin-a Protein, Abrus precatorius, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 33.6 kDa and the accession number is P11140.

Binds specifically to voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) (site 3), thereby delaying their inactivation. Has a strong effect on crustaceans and insects (DmNav1) and a weaker effect on mammals. This toxin is highly potent at mammalian Nav1.1 SCN1A (EC(50)=6.01 nM) and Nav1.2 SCN2A (EC(50)=7.88 nM). It has also great activity on Nav1.5 SCN5A (EC(50)=49.05 nM), Nav1.4 SCN4A (EC(50)=109.49 nM) and Nav1.6 SCN8A (EC(50)=about 180 nM) and is less potent on Nav1.3 SCN3A (EC(50)=759.22 nM) (when measured as the increase in the slow component).

Pigment protein that is intensely purple in color.

Polymerizes silica around the axial filament during spicule formation. Silicatein Protein, Petrosia ficiformis, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.5 kDa and the accession number is Q6YD92.

Acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown. Plays a role in APP processing following cleavage and activation by ADAM30 which leads to APP degradation. Cathepsin D Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 45.2 kDa and the accession number is P24268.

Exhibits carboxy-monopeptidase as well as carboxy-dipeptidase activity. Capable of producing kinin potentiating peptides.

Cathepsins are proteases found in many types of cells conserved in all animals, which have a vital role in mammalian cellular turnover such as bone resorption. The lysosomal cysteine protease Cathepsin C (CTSC), also known as dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI DPP1), activates a number of granule-associated serine proteases with pro-inflammatory and immune functions by removal of their inhibitory N-terminal dipeptides. This lysosomal exo-cysteine protease belonging to the peptidase C1 family. Active cathepsin C is found in lysosomes as a 200-kDa multimeric enzyme. Subunits constituting this assembly all arise from the proteolytic cleavage of a single precursor giving rise to three peptides: the propeptide, the alpha- and the beta-chains. It is a central coordinator for activation of many serine proteases in immune inflammatory cells. Defects in the Cathepsin C have been shown to be a cause of Papillon-Lefevre disease, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by palmoplantar keratosis and periodontitis. Cathepsin C plays a key role in the activation of several degradative enzymes linked to tissue destruction in inflammatory diseases. Thus, it is a therapeutic target for the treatment of a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Cathepsin D Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.4 kDa and the accession number is P18242.

Proinflammatory cytokines decreased the expression of CTSH in human islets and primary rat beta-cells, and overexpression of CTSH protected insulin-secreting cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis. Cathepsin H Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.6 kDa and the accession number is AAA82966.1.

Cathepsin Z Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 33 kDa and the accession number is Q9UBR2.

Beta-Catenin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & GST) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His and GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 113 kDa and the accession number is Q02248.

Cathepsin B Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.1 kDa and the accession number is F7FAT8.

Vitronectin, also known as VTN, is a large glycoprotein found in blood and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Vitronectin is a plasma glycoprotein implicated as a regulator of diverse physiological process, including blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, pericellular proteolysis, complement dependent immune responses, and cell attachment and spreading. Blocking of Hic(a member of the pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) family) by specific antiserum or genetic deletion significantly reduced pneumococcal binding to soluble and immobilised vitronectin and to Factor H, respectively. In addition, Vitronectin interact with glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. Is recognized by certain members of the integrin family and serves as a cell-to-substrate adhesion molecule. Inhibitor of the membrane-damaging effect of the terminal cytolytic complement pathway.

ACAT2 is a cytoplasmic enzyme which belongs to the thiolase family. ACAT2 takes part in lipid metabolism, lipoprotein assembly, catalyzing cholesterol esterification in mammalian cells. It is responsible for the synthesis of cholesteryl esters which are part of lipoproteins containing apoB. ACAT2 deficiency contributes to severe mental retardation and hypotonus.

Potent microbicidal activity; active against S.aureus and E.coli. Cathelicidin-4 Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 17.9 kDa and the accession number is P33046.