5,12dihete

5(S),12(S)-DiHETE is a natural bioactive lipid derived from arachidonic acid . It is synthesized by glycogen-induced rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) incubated with AA. 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE can be produced by successive oxygenation of AA by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in platelets and 12-LO in leukocytes. It can also be synthesized from 12(S)-HETE by 5-LO, in the presence of 5-LO activating protein (FLAP), activated with calcium ionophore. 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE is an epimer of leukotriene B4 that is weakly chemotactic for PMNL.

5(S),6(R)-DiHETE is a dihydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid and a nonenzymatic hydrolysis product of leukotriene A4 (LTA4). Mouse liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase catalyzes the conversion of LTA4 to 5(S),6(R)-DiHETE. It is a weak LTD4 receptor agonist in guinea pig lung membranes. It induces guinea pig ileum contraction with an ED50 value of 1.3 μM.

Eicosapentaenoic acid is metabolized, in part, through cytochrome P450-catalyzed epoxidation followed by conversion to the vicinal diols by epoxide hydrolases. (±)5(6)-DiHETE is a possible metabolite produced from EPA following epoxidation of the α-5 double bond. (±)5(6)-DiHETE lactone is a 1,5 cyclic ester derived from (±)5(6)-DiHETE. While its biological activity is unknown, the selective capacity of (±)5(6)-DiHETE to form this lactone can be utilized to specifically quantify (±)5(6)-DiHETE in biological samples.

5(S),6(S)-DiHETE is one of the four diastereomeric 5,6-dihydroxy acids produced from the non-enzymatic hydrolysis of LTA4. 5(S),6(S)-DiHETE does not have significant leukotriene-like activity.

5(S),6(R)-11-trans DiHETE is a C-11 double bond isomer of 5(S),6(R)-DiHETE that is formed by the enzymatic isomerization of 5(S),6(R)-DiHETE by a membrane bound factor. 5(S),6(R)-11-trans DiHETE has been found in rat kidney homogenates and is potentially formed by the epoxide hydrolase pathway in this tissue. The isomerase activity responsible for the conversion of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) to 6-trans LTB4 in rat kidney homogenates has also been implicated in its formation. 5(S),6(R)-11-trans DiHETE is not a substrate for soybean lipoxygenase. The biological activity of 5(S),6(R)-11-trans DiHETE has not been reported.

5(S),15(S)-DiHETE is synthesized by 15-LO from 5(S)-HETE. It potentiates the degranulation of human PMNL in response to PAF, but not fMLP, calcium ionophore A23187, or LTB4. 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE is chemotactic for eosinophils with an ED50 value of 0.3 μM.

Eicosapentaenoic acid is an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that is abundant in marine organisms and fish oils. EPA is metabolized, in part, through cytochrome P450-catalyzed epoxidation followed by conversion to the vicinal diols by epoxide hydrolases. (±)5(6)-DiHETE is a possible metabolite produced from EPA following epoxidation of the α-5 double bond. The biological activity of (±)5(6)-DiHETE has not been documented.

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) 是一种通过 5-脂氧合酶途径从花生四烯酸衍生而来的化合物，可介导某些炎症和免疫反应。Leukotriene B4 诱导中性粒细胞胞外陷阱阻碍肺孢子菌的清除。