Gallic acid (Benzoic acid) is a natural polyhydroxyphenol, which can inhibit the free radical scavenging effect of COX-2. Gallic acid has a wide range of physiological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antibacterial.

方法：宫颈癌症细胞 HeLa 和 HTB-35 用 Gallic acid (10-40 µg/mL) 处理 24 h，使用 MTT assay 和 SRB assay 检测细胞活力。
结果：用 Gallic acid 处理 24 h 后，HeLa 和 HTB-3 5宫颈癌症细胞的细胞活力显著降低。[1]
方法：人肺癌细胞 NCI-H460 用 Gallic acid (50-200 µM) 处理 48 h，使用 Flow cytometry 检测细胞周期。
结果：Gallic acid 会导致细胞周期停滞在 G2-M 期。亚 G1 百分比的增加表明凋亡细胞的百分比增加。[2]

方法：为检测体内抗肿瘤活性，将 Gallic acid (20 mg/kg) 腹腔注射给携带人肺癌肿瘤 NCI-H460 的 BALB/c nude 小鼠，每四天一次，持续 34 天。
结果：Gallic acid 抑制异种移植小鼠模型中的肿瘤大小。Gallic acid 能显著诱导异种移植小鼠肿瘤上的 caspase-3、-8 和 -9 活性。[2]

Cell viability is measured using the MTT assay. PC12 cells are incubated at 37?C with Water2 or gallic acid at different concentrations for 24 h with or without pretreatment with resveratrol. They are then treated with the MTT solution (final concentration, 1 mg/mL) for 2 h. The dark-blue formazan crystals that formed in intact cells are dissolved in DMSO, and the absorbance at 570 nm is measured using a micro-ELISA reader.(Only for Reference)