emission

Msr-Ratio（Msr-green）（Msr-green）是一种专为检测甲硫氨酸亚砜还原酶（MSR）活性而特别设计的比率荧光探针。其激发波长为375 nm，发射波长为550 nm。该探针能够在体外及活细胞内监测酶活性，对于研究MSR功能而言，是一种宝贵的工具。

FFN 511 hydrochloride 是一种针对神经元囊泡单胺转运体 2 (VMA T2) 的荧光假神经递质 (FFNs)。FFN 511 hydrochloride 可抑制 5-羟色胺与含 VMA T2 的膜结合，可用于标记活体皮质-纹状体急性切片中的多巴胺能神经末梢。激发和发射最大值分别为 406 和 501 nm。

FFN 102 mesylate 是pH 响应型荧光假神经递质(FFN)，作为选择性多巴胺转运蛋白(DAT)和VMAT2底物。FFN 102 mesylate 与38个中枢神经系统受体(包括多巴胺和血清素受体)无明显结合。它的Ex-max在pH 值5时为340 nm，在pH 值7.5时为370 nm，在pH 值为5和7.5时，Em-max为435 nm。

CY5 triethylamine salt 是一种水溶性染料，激发光波长（nm）:649，发射波长（nm）：670。

CFSE (CFDA-SE) 属于荧光染料，具有细胞膜渗透性。CFSE 可在活细胞内与胞内蛋白进行不可逆的结合，用于检测细胞增殖，标记的细胞呈绿色荧光，激发波长为 488 nm，发射波长为 518 nm。

5-Aminofluorescein（5-AF）是与人血清白蛋白共价结合的荧光标记物。其具有490 nm的激发波长和515 nm的发射波长。

6-ROX (6-Carboxy-X-rhodamine) 是寡核苷酸的荧光标记物，其激发波长和发射波长均为568nm。它是耦合至5-FAM 的受体，在FRET 成像中作为供体。

5-ROX (5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine) 是罗丹明染料的一种，λexit 为 580 nm (ε=3.6×104M-1cm-1)，λemit 为 604 nm (ϕ=0.94)。

HBC (HBC 530) 530 是绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP) 类荧光团的合成染料，具有结构刚性的电子受体和强电子供体。它能够用于 RNA 定位的检测。

Ac-DNLD-AMC is a fluorogenic caspase-3 substrate. Upon enzymatic cleavage by caspase-3, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) is released and its fluorescence can be used to quantify caspase-3 activity. AMC displays excitation/emission maxima of 340-360 and 440-460 nm, respectively.

DASPEI为具有较大Stokes位移的阳离子苯乙烯基线粒体荧光染料，激发与发射波长分别为550 573 nm，特点是荧光寿命长，灵敏度高。它能对活细胞中线粒体进行有效染色，以及独立于神经元活性，在突触前标记神经末节。

The cell-permeant pH indicator, carboxy SNARF-1, acetoxymethyl ester, acetate (CAS #126208-13-7) has a pKa of ~7.5 after de-esterification, thus is useful for measuring pH changes between pH 7 and pH 8. Carboxy-SNARF-1 exhibits a significant pH-dependent

BODIPY FL Hydrazide 是一种与多糖和糖蛋白上的醛 酮反应形成席夫碱的绿色荧光染料，通过还原剂，如硼氢化钠或氰硼氢化钠，可以产生稳定的链接物。（λex=495 nm，λem=516 nm）。

5'6-FAM-GGUGAAAGACGAUGGACAATT,UUGUCCAUCGUCUUUCACCTT 是一种由荧光分子5'6-FAM修饰的双链核糖核酸。其中，5'6-FAM实际为5-FAM与6-FAM的混合物，其激发和发射光谱的特征值分别为Ex Em= 490 nm 520 nm。

Mca-AVLQSGFR-K(Dnp)-K-NH2 是针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)主蛋白酶(Mpro)，也称为3C样蛋白酶(3CLpro)的荧光底物。SARS-CoV Mpro 切割后，会释放7-甲氧基香豆素-4-乙酰基(Mca)，通过其荧光可以量化SARS-CoV Mpro 活性。Mca 的激发/发射波长最大值分别为328/420 nm。

Tricyclic cytosine tC 是一种用于在活细胞中成像 RNA 的荧光胞嘧啶类似物。当与共聚焦成像技术结合使用时，可用于研究单细胞分辨率下的 RNA 合成、降解和运输。激发/发射最大值 (λ) = 375/505 nm；消光系数 = 4000 M-1cm-1；量子产率 = 0.2。

PA Janelia Fluor 549, SE (PA-JF549-NHS) is a bright photoactivatable fluorophore of JF549, SE (JF549, NHS). JF549, SE (JF549, NHS) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm.

Janelia Fluor 549, SE (JF549, SE) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm.

Z-(L-Arg)-AMC is a fluorogenic substrate for trypsin, cathepsin B, and cathepsin H.1,2Upon enzymatic cleavage by trypsin, cathepsin B, or cathepsin H, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) is released and its fluorescence can be used to quantify trypsin, cathepsin B, and cathepsin H activity. AMC displays excitation/emission maxima of 340-360/440-460 nm, respectively. 1.Zimmerman, M., Ashe, B., Yurewicz, E.C., et al.Sensitive assays for trypsin, elastase, and chymotrypsin using new fluorogenic substratesAnal. Biochem.78(1)47-51(1977) 2.Brindley, P.J., Kalinna, B.H., Dalton, J.P., et al.Proteolytic degradation of host hemoglobin by schistosomesMol. Biochem. Parasitol.89(1)1-9(1997)

Fluo-3 is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) is a cell-permeant fluorogenic dye most often used as a conjugate to antibodies and proteins for fluorescence detection in microscopy. It displays excitation/emission maxima of 570/595 nm, respectively, and can be used in conjunction with immunohistochemistry for multi-labeling studies. It has also been used as an anterograde and retrograde tracer in neurons and in nanoparticles to detect apoptosis.

AF430 NHS ester 是 AF 430 马来酰亚胺，是黄色荧光染料 AF 430 的衍生物。AF430 的激发波长为 430 nm，发射波长为 542 nm。AF430 NHS ester 可用于标记肽、蛋白质和寡核苷酸中的氨基，以实现染料标记和生物分子的特异性偶联。

AIE-ER是一种特异性的内质网 (ER) 荧光探针 (green channel: λex=405 nm, λem=450~650 nm)，具有显著的光稳定性、高亮度和低工作浓度的特点，可能为研究与内质网相关的疾病提供了途径。

TAMRA amine, 5-isomer为TAMRA的一种变构体，后者为一种发射橙色荧光的呫吨染料。

BODIPY493 503 methyl bromide 是一种具有高度特异性的 BODIPY 类染料，以其良好的紫外线吸收性能和尖锐的荧光峰而闻名。这种染料的量子产率高，且对环境的 pH 值和极性相对不敏感，保证了其在多种生理条件下的稳定性。BODIPY493 503 methyl bromide 由于其非对称的结构，衍生出多种结构变体。特别地，作为脂滴类染料，它能有效穿透细胞膜，进入细胞并在极性脂类上定位，实现对活细胞和固定细胞的特异性标记。最大激发 发射波长为493 503 nm。

BODIQPy-TPA is a lipophilic probe that induces ferroptosis in B16 and HepG2 cells upon light irradiation through lipid peroxidation. It exhibits a maximum absorption wavelength of 488 nm and a maximum emission wavelength above 640 nm [1].

RORγallosteric probe-1 (Compound 12h) 是一种 RORγ 变构荧光探针 (Ex Em: 490 524 nm)，可用于探索 RORγ 变构抑制剂和 RORγ 功能。

3,3-Dibutylthiacarbocyanine iodide, a fluorescent dye, exhibits an excitation wavelength of 559 nm and an emission wavelength of 604 nm [1].

ATTO 465 Maleimid是ATTO 465的马来酰亚胺酯衍生物，可用于标记蛋白质或抗体，具有最大激发和发射波长：453 506 nm。

ATTO 633是一种新型荧光染料，具有高荧光产率，适用于大多数标记应用。最大激发波长：630 nm，最大发射波长：651 nm。

ATTO 665是一种新型荧光染料，具有高荧光产率，适用于大多数标记用途，最大激发 发射波长：663 680 nm。

YADA（Lucifer Yellow 3-amino-D-alanine）作为Lucifer Yellow和D-丙氨酸结合的荧光染料，呈现绿黄色荧光。该染料专门用于标记活细菌的肽聚糖，并整合于其细胞壁中。YADA 拥有较大的斯托克斯位移及广泛的发射光谱，使得其可通过紫光源激发并结合绿色滤光片进行观测。此外，YADA 在水溶性、光稳定性和热稳定性方面表现优异。

MitoTracker Deep Red FM 是红色荧光染料，能够选择性积聚在线粒体基质中，并通过与半胱氨酸残基的游离硫醇基反应，与线粒体蛋白共价结合，因此不依赖膜电位来染色线粒体膜电位。激发 发射波长为 644 665 nm。（储存方式：避光保存。）

高尔基体荧光探针是一种BODIPY标记的神经酰胺衍生物。神经酰胺的合成发生在内质网，通过神经酰胺转运蛋白（CERT）或囊泡运输到高尔基体，从而实现染料的特异性标记。BODIPY Fl C5-Ceramide是一种高尔基体特异性绿色荧光染料，可实现单个细胞可视化。Ex Em=505 nm 512 nm。

L-Leu-AMC is a fluorogenic substrate for leucine aminopeptidase.1Upon enzymatic cleavage by leucine aminopeptidase, AMC is released and its fluorescence can be used to quantify leucine aminopeptidase activity. AMC displays excitation/emission maxima of 340-360/440-460 nm, respectively. 1.Izquierdo, M., Lin, D., O’Neill, S., et al.Development of a high-throughput screening assay to identify inhibitors of the major M17-leucyl aminopeptidase from Trypanosoma cruzi using rapidfire mass spectrometrySLAS Discov.25(9)1064-1071(2020)

Calcein Red AM is a fluorogenic dye that is used to assess cell viability. As the acetoxymethyl ester, Calcein Red AM is non-fluorescent but cell-permeant and is hydrolyzed to the fluorescent probe Calcein Red by intracellular esterases. Calcein Red is retained by living cells and displays excitation/emission maxima of 560/574 nm, respectively. Calcein Red AM is a red-emitting variant of the green fluorophore calcein AM , which has been used to evaluate cell viability and cytotoxicity.

Protein arginine deiminases (PADs) catalyze the posttranslational modification of arginine residues on proteins to form citrulline, which plays a large role in regulating gene expression. Abnormally high PAD activity has been observed in a host of human diseases. Citrulline-specific probe-rhodamine is a highly sensitive, rhodamine phenylglyoxal-based fluorophore that specifically detects protein citrullination via a chemoselective reaction between glyoxal and citrulline. This chemical probe (comprised of a single isomer) is capable of reacting with any citrulline-containing protein and can be analyzed with fluorescent imaging (excitation 532 nm; emission 580 nm). When added at 100 μM for 30 minutes at acidic pH, this probe has a reported limit of detection of ~10 ng for citrullinated histone H3 and ~1 ng for autodeiminated PAD4.

5(6)-Carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is an oxidant-sensitive and cell-permeable fluorescent probe.1Base hydrolysis of the ester bonds by intracellular esterases releases the acetate groups and the resulting compound, 5(6)-carboxy-2’,7’,-dichlorofluorescein, is oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and displays excitation emission maxima of 504 and 530 nm, respectively, which can be quantified as a measure of oxidant production. 1.Hempel, S.L., Buettner, G.R., O’Malley, Y.Q., et al.Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: Comparison with 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and dihydrorhodamine 123Free Radic. Biol. Med.27(1-2)146-159(1999)

Indo-1 (potassium salt) is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator. It is ideal for analyses using flow cytometry, as it uses a single excitation source, typically 349-364 nm light from an argon-ion laser. The emission maximum shifts from 475-485 nm without calcium to 400-410 nm when Indo-1 (potassium salt) binds calcium. Indo-1 (potassium salt) is prone to photobleaching, which limits its usefulness in methods involving microscopy.

JF646-Hoechst 是荧光红色 DNA 探针，适用于PAINT实验中大寡核苷酸偶联抗体的理想替代品，尤其适用于细菌研究。该探针的激发 发射最大值为655 670 nm。

5-TAMRA-SE 是一种胺反应性荧光剂。它的结合物能够产生一种 pH 不敏感的、明亮的橙红色荧光（Ex Em~546 579 nm），具有良好的光稳定性。

RE(EDANS)EVNLDAEFK(DABCYL)R为具有EDANS和DABCYL双标记的肽，作为BACE1的荧光底物（Em=360nm，Ex=528nM）。该化合物主要用于评估BACE1酶活性，其活性水平正相关于荧光产生的强度。

8-Aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic Acid sodium salt 是一种阴离子荧光染料，用作葡萄糖传感和检测其他糖类的报告分子。激发 发射光谱为 425 503 nm。 它可以在溶液中使用，也可以通过还原胺化连接醛官能化单体来固定，而不会显著改变荧光强度。

7-hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-Linolenate is a γ-linolenic acid ester of 7-hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone) that behaves as a substrate for cPLA2. Hydrolysis of 7-hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate by phospholipase results in the release of the fluorescent compound 7-hydroxycoumarin which can be monitored spectrophotometrically (excitation at 335 nm, emission at 450 nm).

NIR-Thiol dinitrobenzenesulfonate has both absorption and emission in the NIR region. It is capable of imaging endogenously produced thiol in living cells and mice.

5-TAMRA (5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine) 能够产生明亮的、pH 不敏感的橙红色荧光 (λex=546 nm，λem=579 nm)，有良好的光稳定性。

Cyanine3 maleimide tetrafluoroborate是一种巯基特异性标记试剂，λex为550 nm，λem为580 nm，可用于蛋白质和肽标记。

SBFI (tetraammonium), a sodium-sensitive fluorescence indicator and the tetraammonium salt of SBFI, operates effectively at an excitation wavelength of 333 nm and an emission wavelength of 539 nm [1].