cell infiltration

HCH6-1 是甲酰肽受体 1 的竞争性二肽拮抗剂。它能够抑制 fMLF (FPR1激动剂) 特异性激活的人中性粒细胞的趋化性、超氧阴离子生成和弹性酶释放。动物实验中，它对急性肺损伤具有保护作用，可用于研究 FPR1 参与的炎症性肺部疾病。

Oglemilast (GRC 3886) 是一种具有口服活性磷酸二酯酶 4 (PDE4) 抑制剂，对 PDE4D3 的 IC50 为 0.5 nM。Oglemilast 在体外和体内抑制肺细胞浸润，包括嗜酸性粒细胞增多和嗜中性粒细胞减少。Oglemilast 具有应用于炎症性气道疾病的潜力。

LJP-1586 HCl 是一种高选择性的血管粘附蛋白-1（VAP-1）抑制剂，通过减少脑出血（ICH）后粘附分子表达和免疫细胞浸润而显示出抗炎作用。

Eleutheroside E 是刺五加的重要成分，具有抗炎，保护缺血心脏的功能。

Mepivacaine hydrochloride (Mepivacaine HCl) 是具有局部麻醉特性的酰胺衍生物。Mepivacaine hydrochloride 与神经元细胞膜上特定的电压门控钠离子通道结合，抑制钠离子内流和膜去极化。

Resolvin E1 is an effective endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation. Resolvin E1 has unique counterregulatory actions that inhibit PMN transendothelial migration. Resolvin E1 also acts as an effective inhibitor of leukocyte infiltration, dendrit

Betamethasone 17-Propionate 在实验中主要是探讨其对大鼠内毒素诱导的葡萄膜炎的治疗潜力。通过滴眼和全身给药的方式，该化合物能在一定剂量（全身给药时为 1 mg kg）下抑制细胞在房水中的渗入，尽管其效果相比其他化合物较弱。在体外实验中，Betamethasone 17-Propionate 对大鼠腹膜渗出细胞中的白细胞介素-8（IL-8）的抑制作用也不如倍他米松。研究还发现，当与倍他米松二丙酸酯共同使用时，两者的联合效应可能减弱对细胞浸润和IL-1β基因表达的抑制。

Apilimod (STA 5326) 是一种有效的、高度选择性的PIKfyve 抑制剂，是一种 IL-12 IL-23 的有效抑制剂，抑制人和猴的 PBMC 细胞中的 IL-12，IC50值为 1 nM 和 2 nM。

EP4 receptor antagonist 7 (Compound 14) 是一种针对前列腺素 E2 (PGE2) 的 EP4 受体亚型的拮抗剂，其IC50值为1.1 nM。在HEK293细胞中，它抑制PGE2诱导的β-阻滞蛋白的募集，IC50为0.9 nM。在RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中，EP4 receptor antagonist 7 能降低PGE2诱导的IL-4、Mrc1、Chil3、Cxcl1、Trem2和Arg1等mRNA的表达。在CT26小鼠结肠癌模型中，该化合物与抗PD-1抗体联合使用可抑制肿瘤生长并增加CD8+ T细胞对肿瘤的浸润。

Enpp-1-IN-25 (Compound 30) 是一种ENPP1抑制剂，IC50为8.05 nM，具有低口服生物利用度。通过抑制cGAMP的降解，Enpp-1-IN-25 能有效激活细胞内STING途径，并增强肿瘤微环境中免疫细胞的浸润和I型干扰素响应，从而提高抗PD-L1抗体的抗肿瘤效力。Enpp-1-IN-25 可用于癌症免疫疗法的研究。

PD-L1 HDAC-IN-1 (Compound 14) 是一种PD-L1和HDAC的抑制剂，可以阻碍PD-1 PD-L1相互作用以及HDAC2和HDAC3的活性，其IC50值分别为88.10、27.98和14.47 nM。在MCF-7细胞中，该化合物显示轻微细胞毒性（IC50=19.34 μM）。PD-L1 HDAC-IN-1 通过上调PD-L1和CXCL10的表达，促进 T 细胞向 TME 的浸润，从而增强抗肿瘤免疫反应。

Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate is an inhibitor of ecto-5’-nucleotidase, also known as CD73, with a Kivalue of 37 nM.1It inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by adenosine 5’-monophosphate , adenosine 5’-diphosphate , or adenosine 5’-triphosphate but not adenosine in VA-13 human fibroblasts when used at a concentration of 100 μM. Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate reduces proliferation of U138MG glioma cells, as well as inhibits the invasion and migration of MHCC97H hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a migration assay.2,3It increases tumor infiltration of CD3+CD8+T cells and reduces tumor growth in a K1735 murine melanoma model when administered at a dose of 400 μg mouse.4 1.Bruns, R.F.Adenosine receptor activation by adenine nucleotides requires conversion of the nucleotides to adenosineNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.315(1)5-13(1980) 2.Braganhol, E., Tamajusuku, A.S.K., Bernardi, A., et al.Ecto-5′-nucleotidase CD73 inhibition by quercetin in the human U138MG glioma cell lineBiochim. Biophys. Acta1770(9)1352-1359(2007) 3.Shali, S., Yu, J., Zhang, X., et al.Ecto 5′ nucleotidase (CD73) is a potential target of hepatocellular carcinomaJ. Cell Physiol.234(7)10248-10259(2018) 4.Forte, G., Sorrentino, R., Montinaro, A., et al.Inhibition of CD73 improves B cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in a mouse model of melanomaJ. Immunol.189(5)2226-2233(2021)

Betamethasone 21-phosphate is a synthetic glucocorticoid.1It prevents increases in macrophage and eosinophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and decreases in blood leukocyte numbers in a guinea pig model of parainfluenza-3 viral infection when administered at a dose of 8 mg/kg but does not prevent airway hyperresponsiveness after infection.2Betamethasone 21-phosphate inhibits cell infiltration into the aqueous humor in a rat model of endotoxin-induced uveitis when administered topically or subcutaneously at doses of 0.01-1% or 1 mg/kg, respectively.3It increases maximal lung pressure volume curves in fetal sheep when administered to pregnant ewes at 0.75 gestation at doses of 80 and 170 μg/kg.1Betamethasone 21-phosphate increases body weight, impairs learning and memory, increases anxiolytic behavior, and reduces hippocampal neurogenesis in CD-1 mice but reduces body weight and increases neurogenesis with no effect on anxiety in high-anxiety DBA/2 mice when administered at a dose of approximately 25 mg/kg per day in the drinking water for seven weeks.4Formulations containing betamethasone 12-phosphate and betamethasone acetate have been used in the treatment of severe allergic conditions and a variety of immune-related conditions. 1.Loehle, M., Schwab, M., Kadner, S., et al.Dose-response effects of betamethasone on maturation of the fetal sheep lungAm. J. Obstet. Gynecol.202(2)186.e181-186.e187(2010) 2.Leusink-Muis, A., Ten Broeke, R., Folkerts, G., et al.Betamethasone prevents virus-induced airway inflammation but not airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigsClin. Exp. Allergy29(Suppl. 2)82-85(1999) 3.Tsuji, F., Sawa, K., Kato, M., et al.The effects of betamethasone derivatives on endotoxin-induced uveitis in ratExp. Eye Res.64(1)31-36(1997) 4.Aiello, R., Crupi, R., Leo, A., et al.Long-term betamethasone 21-phosphate disodium treatment has distinct effects in CD1 and DBA/2 mice on animal behavior accompanied by opposite effects on neurogenesisBehav. Brain Res.278155-166(2015)

Milategrast is a chemical compound that functions as a potent cell adhesion inhibitor and cell infiltration inhibitor. In vitro studies have demonstrated its ability to effectively inhibit the adhesion of Jurkat cells to human fibronectin, with an IC50 value of less than 5 μM.

K34c is a potent and selective α5β1 integrin inhibitor (IC50 = 3.1 nM). K34c inhibits cell survival and migration, inhibits p53-dependent senescence induced by Temozolomide or Ellipticine and promotes apoptosis in U87MG cells. K34c also prevents TGFβ-induced infiltrationin vivoand reduces cell adhesion on fibronectin.

SSAO VAP-1 inhibitor 1 是一种有效的SSAO VAP-1抑制剂。SSAO VAP-1 促进葡萄糖转运 4 (GLUT 4) 从脂肪细胞转移到细胞膜，从而调节葡萄糖转运。在内皮细胞中，SSAO VAP-1 可以介导白细胞和内皮细胞的粘附和渗出，并参与炎症反应。SSAO VAP-1 inhibitor 1 具有研究炎症和 或炎症相关疾病或糖尿病和 或糖尿病相关疾病的潜力。

XT2 is a highly potent, orally active, and selective inhibitor of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), exhibiting an IC50 of 9.1 nM. It effectively suppresses the upregulation of ALT, a vital biomarker for acute liver injury, induced by CCl4. Additionally, XT2 significantly decreases immune cell infiltration into the damaged liver tissue. As a result, XT2 holds immense potential in liver inflammatory disease research [1].

Anti-inflammatory agent 21 (compound 9o) 是一种低细胞毒性的、口服具有活力的抗炎剂，能够作用于 NO (IC50: 0.76 μM)。Anti-inflammatory agent 21 能够积累 ROS、阻断 NF-κB MAPK 信号通路来发挥抗炎作用。 Anti-inflammatory agent 21 对关节炎大鼠模型的软骨破坏和炎症细胞浸润有一定的改善作用。

Etretinate (Ro 10-9359) 是一种口服芳香族维甲酸，对牛皮癣和其他皮肤病综合征有效。 它激活类视黄醇受体，引起细胞分化的诱导、细胞增殖的抑制和炎症细胞对组织浸润的抑制。

TOP1362 is a Narrow Spectrum Kinase Inhibitors Demonstrate Promise for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease and Other Ocular Inflammatory Disorders. TOP1362 strongly inhibited the kinase targets p38α, Syk, Src, and Lck, blocked the rise in p38α expression in hyperosmolar Chang cells, and potently reduced inflammatory cytokine release in cellular models of innate and adaptive immunities. In the EIU model, TOP1362 dose-dependently attenuated the LPS-induced rise in inflammatory cell infiltration and ocular cytokine levels with efficacy comparable to that of dexamethasone.

PD-1 PD-L1-IN-26 (Compound II-14) 是一种高效的 PD-1 PD-L1 抑制剂，IC50 为 0.0380 μM。该化合物能够激活肿瘤免疫微环境，通过促进 CD4+ T 细胞向肿瘤组织的浸润。PD-1 PD-L1-IN-26 展示了在癌症治疗研究中的应用潜力。

KM04416 是一种 GPD2 抑制剂，通过调节免疫细胞浸润来抑制 LUAD 进展。

TNG260 是一种CoREST 选择性脱乙酰酶(CoreDAC) 抑制剂。 TNG260 抑制HDAC1的选择性是HDAC3的 10 倍。 TNG260 导致HDAC1抑制，逆转由 STK11 缺失驱动的抗 PD1 耐药性。 TNG260 减少嗜中性粒细胞的瘤内浸润。 TNG260 表现出免疫介导的细胞杀伤。

Antitumor agent-36 具有有效的抗增殖和抗转移活性，能诱导严重的 DNA 损伤，并通过增加 γ-H2AX 和 p53 的表达促进肿瘤细胞通过 Bcl-2 Bax caspase3 线粒体凋亡通路的 (apoptosis)。此外，Antitumor agent-36 还能通过抑制 PD-L1 的表达显著增加肿瘤组织中 CD3+ 和 CD8+ T 浸润细胞，从而改善免疫反应。