45
9
1
5
6
Cat. No. | Product Name | ||
---|---|---|---|
L7110 | 抗高血压化合物库 | 678 compounds | |
678 种高血压相关的小分子,用于高通量和高内涵筛选; |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T36381 |
Aldosterone 21-sulfate (sodium salt)
|
Others | Others |
Aldosterone 21-sulfate is a metabolite of the steroid hormone aldosterone .1It reduces the sodium-to-potassium ratio in rat urine when administered at doses ranging from 10 to 100 μg, indicating mineralocorticoid activity that is less than 1% that of aldosterone.2 1.Grose, J.H., Nowaczynski, W., Kuchel, O., et al.Isolation of aldosterone urinary metabolites, glucuronides and sulfateJ. Steroid Biochem.4(6)551-566(1973) 2.Jowett, T.P., and Slater, J.D.H.Aldosterone 21-sulphate in manJ. Steroid. Bi... | |||
T29852 |
Aldosterone-3-(O-carboxymethyl)oximino-(2-iodohistamine)
|
Others | Others |
Aldosterone-3-(O-carboxymethyl)oximino-(2-iodohistamine) is a biochemical. | |||
T4316 |
ML365
|
Potassium Channel | Membrane transporter/Ion channel |
ML365 是有效的,选择性的双孔结构域钾通道TASK1/KCNK3抑制剂,IC50为 4 nM。它可用于检查 TASK1 通道的特定作用。 | |||
T0083 |
Eplerenone
Epoxymexrenone,CGP 30083,依普利酮,SC-66110 |
Glucocorticoid Receptor | Endocrinology/Hormones |
Eplerenone (CGP 30083) 是一种竞争性的、选择性的、具有口服活性的醛固酮 (aldosterone) 拮抗剂,IC50=138 nM。它对孕酮,雄激素,雌激素和糖皮质激素受体的亲和力低,可用于研究高血压和心肌梗死后的心力衰竭。 | |||
T1410 |
Torsemide
AC-4464,JDL-464,托拉塞米,Torasemide |
Na-K-Cl cotransporter | Membrane transporter/Ion channel |
Torsemide (AC-4464) 是具有口服活性的亨氏环利尿剂,也具有抗醛固酮和血管舒张活性。它可用于研究心力衰竭、肾脏疾病、肝硬化。 | |||
T0293 |
Metyrapone
美替拉酮,甲吡酮,NSC-25265,Su-4885 |
Others; P450; Dehydrogenase; Autophagy | Autophagy; Metabolism; Others |
Metyrapone (NSC-25265) 是 STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE 酶抑制剂。 它被用作库欣综合征诊断中下丘脑-垂体反馈机制的测试。 | |||
T4277 |
Osilodrostat
LCI699 |
Glucocorticoid Receptor; Others; Hydroxylase | Endocrinology/Hormones; Metabolism; Others |
Osilodrostat (LCI699) 是一种有效的人11β-羟化酶和醛固酮合成酶抑制剂,IC50分别值为2.5 和0.7nM。 | |||
T0476 |
Spironolactone
安体舒通,螺内酯,SC9420,Abbolactone |
Glucocorticoid Receptor; Androgen Receptor; Autophagy | Autophagy; Endocrinology/Hormones |
Spironolactone (SC9420) 是一种可口服的醛固酮盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂,IC50值为 24 nM。它也是雄激素受体拮抗剂,促进足细胞自噬,IC50值为 77 nM。 | |||
T61373 |
Baxdrostat
|
Others | Others |
Baxdrostat 是一种醛固酮合成酶抑制剂。 | |||
T71664 |
Mespirenone
|
Others | Others |
Mespirenone 是一种具有利尿作用的螺内酯衍生物和醛固酮拮抗剂。 | |||
T62747 |
Lorundrostat
MLS101,MT 4129,MLS-101,MT4129,MT-4129,MLS 101 |
Others | Others |
Lorundrostat (MT-4129) 是一种醛固酮合酶抑制剂,具有降高血压活性,可降低收缩压。 | |||
T3096 |
Canrenoate potassium
坎利酸钾,Potassium aldadiene,Canrenoic acid potassium salt,Potassium canrenoate,Soldactone |
Glucocorticoid Receptor | Endocrinology/Hormones |
Canrenoate potassium (Soldactone) 是一种有效的竞争性盐皮质激素受体 (mineralocorticoid receptor) 拮抗剂,是一种释放 canrenone 的前药。它作为一种利尿剂,用于高血压的研究。 | |||
T6262 |
Evacetrapib
LY2484595 |
CETP | Metabolism |
Evacetrapib (LY2484595) 是 CETP 的选择性抑制剂,在人血浆中,抑制人重组 CETP 蛋白 (IC50:5.5 nM) 和 CETP (IC50:36 nM) 活性。 | |||
T1866 |
AT-56
|
Others; PGE Synthase | Immunology/Inflammation; Others |
AT56 是口服有活性的脂钙蛋白型前列腺素 D 合酶 (L-PGDS) 选择性抑制剂,其IC50=95 μM,Ki=75 μM。它能够特异性地抑制L-PGDS 催化的 PGD2介导的嗜睡或疼痛反应。 | |||
TP1295 |
Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat)
Angiotensin 1 Human,血管紧张素 1 (人) |
Others | Others |
Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) 是血管紧张素Ⅱ的前体物质,在血管紧张素转化酶 (ACE) 的参与下裂解成血管紧张素Ⅱ。 | |||
T1484L |
Perindopril erbumine
培哚普利叔丁胺,培哚普利叔丁胺盐,S9490-3,Perindopril tert-butylamine salt |
Apoptosis; RAAS; MRP | Apoptosis; Endocrinology/Hormones; Immunology/Inflammation |
Perindopril erbumine (S9490-3) 是一种长效血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。 | |||
T69041 |
SC 11927
|
Others | Others |
SC 11927 is an aldosterone antagonist. | |||
T26157 |
RU 752
RU-752,RU752 |
Others | Others |
RU 752 is an antagonist of mineralocorticoid receptor that inhibits aldosterone synthesis. | |||
T34430 |
RU 24411
RU24411,RU-24411 |
Others | Others |
RU 24411是一种合成的19-nor 类固醇化合物。在没有葡萄糖的情况下,RU 24411 与醛固酮一样能够刺激钠的转运。 | |||
T76646 |
Acetyl-ACTH (7-24) (human, bovine, rat)
|
||
Acetyl-ACTH (7-24) (human, bovine, rat) 可导致 ACTH 诱发的皮质酮和醛固酮释放显著减少。 | |||
T69705 |
SC 19886
|
Others | Others |
SC 19886 is an antimineralocorticoid that acts as a potent inhibitor of aldosterone biosynthesis. | |||
T70242 |
SC 8109
|
Others | Others |
SC 8109 is an aldosterone antagonist. | |||
T13881 |
Dicirenone
SC26304 |
ATPase; Glucocorticoid Receptor | Endocrinology/Hormones; Membrane transporter/Ion channel |
Dicirenone (SC26304) 对盐皮质激素受体 (MR)有抑制作用,对醛固酮对尿 K+:Na+ 比例的调节和 醛固酮与肾细胞质和核受体结合有抑制作用。 | |||
T69273 |
Mexrenoate potassium
|
Others | Others |
Mexrenoate potassium is a steroidal aldosterone antagonist and antihypertensive. | |||
T14664 |
BI 689648
|
Others | Others |
BI 689648 is a highly selective inhibitor of aldosterone synthase(CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 with IC50s of 310 and 2.1 nM, respectively). | |||
T68699 |
Oxprenoate Free Base
|
Others | Others |
Oxprenoate Free Base is a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, inhibiting aldosterone production and secretion. | |||
T61372 |
(S)-Baxdrostat
|
Others | Others |
(S)-Baxdrostat is an S-enantiomer of Baxdrostat, which functions as an inhibitor of aldosterone synthase [1]. | |||
T69284 |
SC 23133
|
Others | Others |
SC 23133 is an antimineralocorticoid that is known to induce a marked but reversible inhibition of aldosterone biosynthesis. | |||
T38424 |
(R)-Fadrozole
FAD286,(R)-CGS 16949A free base,(R)-Fadrozole |
Others | Others |
(R)-Fadrozole ((R)-CGS 16949A; FAD286) is a potent nonsteroidal inhibitor. (R)-Fadrozole also inhibits human placental aromatase (pIC 50 = 6.17) and aldosterone biosynthesis. (R)-Fadrozole reverses cardiac fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats.. | |||
T68009 |
prorenoate
|
Others | Others |
Prorenoate 是一种甾体醛固酮拮抗剂,具有保钾利尿作用。Prorenoate 可拮抗醛固酮在肾元中盐皮质激素受体的活性,从而阻止钠的重吸收。这会干扰钠/钾交换器,导致钠和水排泄,同时减少钾排泄。 | |||
T83495 |
[D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9] Substance P (4-11)
|
||
[D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9]Substance P(4-11)为高效Substance P 拮抗剂,可降低血浆醛固酮(ALDO)浓度。 | |||
T80687 |
γ3-MSH
|
||
γ3-MSH 源于 pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) 的 N 端,能够激活人肾上腺肿瘤细胞分泌醛固酮。 | |||
T19631 |
PD 109488
PD-109488,Quinapril Diketopiperazine,PD109488 |
Others | Others |
PD 109488 is a metabolite of quinapril and is a derivative of Quinapril that acts as an ACE inhibitor. Inhibition of ACE prevents the conversion of signaling peptide angiotensin I into angiotensin II, which acts as a potent vasoconstrictor. Reduced levels of angiotensin II also reduces the amount of aldosterone that is expressed due to RAAS signaling. | |||
TP1209 |
BNP (1-32), rat TFA (133448-20-1 free base)
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) (1-32), rat TFA,BNP (1-32), rat TFA |
||
Acts as a cardiac hormone with a variety of biological actions including natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, and inhibition of renin and aldosterone secretion. It is thought to play a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Helps restore the body\'s sa | |||
T76334 |
Cenderitide
|
||
Cenderitide 是一种有效的颗粒鸟酰基环化酶受体 (pGC) 激动剂。Cenderitide 是一种由 C 型利钠肽 (CNP) 与石斛利钠肽 (DNP) 的 C 端融合而成的利钠肽 (NP) 。Cenderitide 可激活 pGC-A 和 pGC-B,激活第二信使 cGMP,抑制醛固酮 (aldosterone),在不降低血压的情况下保持 GFR 。Cenderitide 可用于心力衰竭的研究。 | |||
T68808 |
11-Dehydrocorticosterone
|
Others | Others |
11-Dehydrocorticosterone is an endogenous mineralocorticoid. It increases Na+/K+-ATPase mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibits aldosterone action in B. marinus toad bladder tissue in a concentration-dependent manner. 11-Dehydrocorticosterone decreases the sodium/creatine ratio and increases the potassium/creatine ratio in rat urine in a dose-dependent manner in a model of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition induced by carbenoxolone. Chronic administration 11-dehydro... | |||
T1203 |
Nadolol
Anabet,Corgard,Solgol,苯甲丁氮酮,纳多洛尔,SQ11725 |
Adrenergic Receptor | GPCR/G Protein; Neuroscience |
Nadolol 是一种有机阴离子转运多肽 1A2 (OATP1A2) 的底物,是一种非选择性的、具有口服活性的 β-肾上腺素受体 (β-adrenergic receptors) 阻滞剂,可用于高血压,心绞痛和血管性头痛的研究。 | |||
T31845 |
Forasartan
SC52458,SC 52458,SC-52458 |
Others | Others |
Forasartan is a non - peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist with antihypertensive activity. Forasartan and angiotensin II compete to bind AT1 receptor subtypes in vascular smooth muscle, thereby blocking angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction, lead | |||
T83501 |
[Deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin
|
Vasopressin Receptor | GPCR/G Protein |
"[Deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP-A)是一种作用于精氨酸血管加压素(AVP)的拮抗剂,它能有效地降低大鼠血浆中的醛固酮浓度。本化合物主要应用于研究大鼠肾上腺球状带的生长及其类固醇生成作用。" | |||
T71787 |
Deserpidine hydrochloride
|
Others | Others |
Deserpidine hydrochloride is the salf form of Deserpidine (free base), which is an antihypertensive drug related to reserpine which occurs naturally in Rauwolfia canescens. Deserpidine is a competitive inhibitor of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). By competing with angiotensin I for ACE, deserpidine blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor. Reduced level of serum angiotensin II causes a decrease in blood pressure. Deserpidine also decrea... | |||
T68765 |
Spirorenone
|
Others | Others |
Spirorenone is an androstadienone derivative as a highly effective aldosterone antagonist. Spirorenone is 8.6 times as potent as spironolactone, but showed a lower affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptors. In phase I clinical trials Spirorenone was absorbed with a half-life of 20-30 min, achieving maximum concentrations of about 100 ng/ml (10 mg) and 260 ng/ml (40 mg) after 1-2 h. Disposition of the parent drug was biphasic with half-lives of 50-60 min (distribution) and 5-6 h (elimination).... | |||
T22573 |
Angiotensin 1/2 (2-7)
|
Others | Others |
Angiotensin I/II (2-7) is a peptide that contains the amino acids 2-7 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and a subsequent increase in blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates th | |||
T73896 |
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
|
Others | Others |
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 是戊糖磷酸途径的限速酶。Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 是抗氧化途径、一氧化氮合酶、NADPH 氧化酶、细胞色素 p450 等系统中 NADPH 的主要来源。Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 可用于糖尿病、醛固酮诱导的内皮功能障碍和癌症的研究。 | |||
T85153 |
18-hydroxy-11-deoxy Corticosterone
18-Hydroxydeoxycorticosterone,18-OH-DOC |
Others | Others |
18-Hydroxy-11-deoxy Corticosterone (18-OH-DOC) is a mineralocorticoid produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland, with its biosynthesis regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and angiotensin II. This regulation heightens 18-OH-DOC production in isolated human adrenal glomerulosa cells and allows for its formation from 11-deoxy corticosterone (DOC) in human SK-MEL188 melanoma cells. As an intermediate in progesterone metabolism, 18-OH-DOC can be converted to aldosterone in rat... | |||
T74142 |
Angiotensin II human TFA
|
||
Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA 作为肾素/血管紧张素系统中关键的生物活性肽,扮演着血管收缩剂的角色并在调节人体血压中发挥中心作用。其主要通过与 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCRs)、血管紧张素 II 1型受体 (AT1R) 和血管紧张素 II 2型受体 (AT2R) 的相互作用来介导效应,包括刺激交感神经系统、增加醛固酮的生物合成和肾脏功能。此外,Angiotensin II human TFA 促进血管平滑肌细胞的生长和 I 型及 III 型胶原在成纤维细胞中的合成,导致血管壁与心肌增厚及纤维化,并诱导细胞凋亡。还通过LOX-1依赖的氧化还原敏感路径诱导内皮细胞中的毛细血管形成。 |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T19186 |
Aldosterone
|
Others | Others |
Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid. Aldosterone is synthesized and secreted in response to renin-angiotensin system activation or high dietary potassium by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. | |||
T3033 |
Deoxycorticosterone acetate
醋酸去氧皮质酮,DOC acetate,Cortexone acetate,11-Deoxycorticosterone acetate,醋酸脱氧皮质酮 |
Glucocorticoid Receptor; Endogenous Metabolite; Adrenergic Receptor | Endocrinology/Hormones; GPCR/G Protein; Metabolism; Neuroscience |
Deoxycorticosterone acetate (Cortexone acetate) 是肾上腺产生的类固醇激素,具有盐皮质激素活性,并作为醛固酮的前体。 | |||
T0354 |
Canrenone
6,7-Dehydro-7α-desthioacetylspironolactone,SC9376,Aldadiene,坎利酮,RP-11614,SC14266 |
Glucocorticoid Receptor; Endogenous Metabolite | Endocrinology/Hormones; Metabolism |
Canrenone (SC14266) 是一种醛固酮 (aldosterone) 拮抗剂,广泛用作利尿剂。 | |||
T20302 |
Deoxycorticosterone
Desoxycorticosterone,去氧皮质酮,Desoxycorticosteronum,Desoxycortone |
Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism |
Deoxycorticosterone (Desoxycortone) 是由肾上腺产生的类固醇代谢物。 Deoxycorticosterone 是醛固酮前体,具有盐皮质激素活性。 | |||
T67319 |
2',4'-Dimethylacetophenone
|
Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism |
2',4'-Dimethylacetophenone 是一种可用于生物研究的化学物。该化合物可用于气相色谱法检测烟草化合物中的醛固酮香气,可以用于保护食品。 | |||
T7040 |
Angiotensin II human
DRVYIHPF,Angiotensin II,Hypertensin II,血管紧张素Ⅱ,Ang II,血管紧张素II |
Apoptosis; RAAS | Apoptosis; Endocrinology/Hormones |
Angiotensin II human (Ang II) 是一种生物活性肽,一种血管收缩剂。Angiotensin II 可以与 AT1R 和 AT2R 相互作用,调节人类血压,刺激交感神经,增加醛固酮生物合成和肾脏活动。 | |||
T0522 |
Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate
甘草酸二铵,Glycyrrhizin |
Dehydrogenase | Metabolism |
Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate (Glycyrrhizin) 是分离自甘草中的化合物,有抗炎作用。 | |||
T8270 |
Deserpidine
地舍平,Harmonyl |
RAAS | Endocrinology/Hormones |
Deserpidine (Harmonyl) 是从 Rauwolfia canescens 的根中分离的生物碱。Deserpidine 与 Reserpine 相关。Deserpidine 是竞争性血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂,可以被用作抗高血压药以及镇定剂。Deserpidine 还减少了肾上腺皮质血管紧张素 II 诱导的醛固酮分泌。 | |||
T39991 |
18-Oxocortisol
|
Others | Others |
18-Oxocortisol is a cortisol derivative generated by aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2). It acts as a naturally occurring mineralocorticoid agonist and serves as a biomarker in adrenal vein sampling. |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Species | Expression System |
---|---|---|---|
TMPH-01181 |
CYP11B2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO)
ALDOS,Corticosterone 18-monooxygenase, CYP11B2,Aldostero... |
Human | E. coli |
CYP11B2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli. | |||
TMPJ-00240 |
CAMK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His)
CaM Kinase I Alpha,CaMKI-α,CaM Kinase I,CAMK1,Calcium/Calmod... |
Human | HEK293 Cells |
Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1 (CAMK1) belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and CaMK subfamily. CAMK1 contains one protein kinase domain and widely expressed. CAMK1 is phosphorylated by CaMKK1 and CaMKK2 on Thr-177. CAMK1 regulates transcription activators activity, cell cycle, hormone production, cell differentiation, actin filament organization, and neurite outgrowth. CAMK1 plays a role in K+ and ANG2-mediated regulation of the aldo... | |||
TMPJ-00875 |
NPPB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His)
NPPB,γ-Brain Natriuretic Peptide,Gamma-Brain Natriuretic Pep... |
Human | E. coli |
Human Natriuretic peptides B acts as a cardiac hormone; it is associated with many biological actions, such as diuresis, natriuresis, vasorelaxation, which inhibits the secretion of rennin and aldosterone. It acts as a paracrine antifibrotic factor in the heart. Natriuretic peptides B can help restore the body balance of salt and water, improves the heart function. Natriuretic peptides B binds and stimulates the cGMP production of the NPR1 receptor and binds the clearance receptor NPR3. | |||
TMPJ-01304 |
C1QTNF1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His)
C1QTNF1,G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Interacting Protein,CTRP1... |
Human | HEK293 Cells |
C1QTNF1 is a secreted protein,contains 1 C1q domain and 1 collagen-like domain. C1qTNF proteins constitute a highly conserved family of Acrp30/Adiponectin paralogs that share a modular organization comprising an N-terminal signal peptide, a short variable region, a collagenous domain and a C-terminal globular domain. C1qTNF proteins are predicted to have trimeric structures that assemble into hexameric and higher order molecular forms. C1QTNF1 is a novel adipokine, providing a significant framew... | |||
TMPY-02839 |
Adrenomedullin Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc)
AM,PAMP,adrenomedullin |
Human | HEK293 Cells |
Adrenomedullin consists of 52 amino acids and is a member of the adrenomedullin family. It s a a hypotensive peptide and has 1 intramolecular disulfide bond. It seems that adrenomedullin has a slight homology with the calcitonin gene-related peptide. Adrenomedullin has a highly expression in pheochromocytoma and adrenal medulla. It also can be detected in lung, ventricle and kidney tissues. Adrenomedullin and PAMP are potent hypotensive and vasodilatator agents. Numerous actions have been report... |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T19185 |
Aldosterone-d8
醛固酮 D8,Aldosterone D8 |
Others | Others |
Aldosterone D8, a deuterium-labeled variant of Aldosterone produced in the adrenal zona glomerulosa, regulates blood pressure. | |||
TMID-0124 |
Canrenone-d6
|
||
Canrenone-d6 是 Canrenone 的氘代化合物。Canrenone 的 CAS 号为 976-71-6。Canrenone 是一种醛固酮 (aldosterone) 拮抗剂,广泛用作利尿剂。 | |||
TMID-0125 |
Canrenone-d4
|
||
Canrenone-d4 是 Canrenone 的氘代化合物。Canrenone 的 CAS 号为 976-71-6。Canrenone 是一种醛固酮 (aldosterone) 拮抗剂,广泛用作利尿剂。 | |||
TMID-0022 |
Spironolactone-d3
|
||
Spironolactone-d3 是 Spironolactone 的氘代化合物。Spironolactone 的 CAS 号为 52-01-7。Abbolactone 是一种可口服的醛固酮盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂,IC50值为 24 nM。它也是雄激素受体拮抗剂,促进足细胞自噬,IC50值为 77 nM。 | |||
TMID-0109 |
11-Deoxycorticosterone-d8
|
||
11-Deoxycorticosterone-d8 是 11-Deoxycorticosterone 的氘代化合物。11-Deoxycorticosterone 的 CAS 号为 64-85-7。Deoxycorticosterone 是由肾上腺产生的类固醇代谢物。 Deoxycorticosterone 是醛固酮前体,具有盐皮质激素活性。 | |||
TMIJ-0317 |
Nadolol-d9 (Mixture of Diastereomers)
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Nadolol-d9 (Mixture of Diastereomers) 是 Nadolol 的氘代化合物。Nadolol 的 CAS 号为 42200-33-9。Nadolol 是一种有机阴离子转运多肽 1A2 (OATP1A2) 的底物,是一种非选择性的、具有口服活性的 β-肾上腺素受体 (β-adrenergic receptors) 阻滞剂,可用于高血压,心绞痛和血管性头痛的研究。 |