Sinapine hydroxide, an alkaloid derived from the seeds of cruciferous plants, demonstrates a variety of beneficial properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and radio-protective effects. Additionally, it acts as an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), making it valuable for researching neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, ataxia, myasthenia gravis, and Parkinson’s disease[4].

Sinapine (6 or 60 μM; 1 h) counteracts H 2 O 2 and antimycin A-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes[1]. Sinapine (10-200 μM; 24 h) inhibits the proliferation of Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and has relatively low toxicity[3]. Sinapine (10-200 μM; 24 h) promotes doxorubicin accumulation in Caco-2 cell by inducing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) decrease[3]. Sinapine (10-200 μM; 24 h) significantly reduces phosphorylation of FRS2α, ERK1/2[3].

Sinapine reduces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota[2].