palmitoyl alanine

Palmitoyl alanine is a fatty acid.

C22 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/22:0) is a very long-chain atypical ceramide containing a 1-deoxysphinganine backbone. 1-Deoxysphingolipids are formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during sphingolipid synthesis.1,2 C22 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/22:0) has been found in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following application of 1-deoxysphinganine alkyne or 1-deoxysphinganine-d3.3 It has also been found as the most prevalent dihydro deoxyceramide species in mouse brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve at one, three, and six months of age.4 |1. Steiner, R., Saied, E.M., Othman, A., et al. Elucidating the chemical structure of native 1-deoxysphingosine. J. Lipid Res. 57(7), 1194-1203 (2016).|2. Alecu, I., Othman, A., Penno, A., et al. Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway. J. Lipid Res. 58(1), 60-71 (2017).|3. Alecu, I., Tedeschi, A., Behler, N., et al. Localization of 1-deoxysphingolipids to mitochondria induces mitochondrial dysfunction. J. Lipid. Res. 58(1), 42-59 (2017).|4. Schwartz, N.U., Mileva, I., Gurevich, M., et al. Quantifying 1-deoxydihydroceramides and 1-deoxyceramides in mouse nervous system tissue. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 141, 40-48 (2019).

C24 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0 24:0) is a very long-chain atypical ceramide containing a 1-deoxysphinganine backbone. 1-Deoxysphingolipids are formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during sphingolipid synthesis.1,2 C24 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0 24:0) has been found in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following application of 1-deoxysphinganine alkyne or 1-deoxysphinganine-d3.3 It has also been found in mouse brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve at one, three, and six months of age.4 |1. Steiner, R., Saied, E.M., Othman, A., et al. Elucidating the chemical structure of native 1-deoxysphingosine. J. Lipid Res. 57(7), 1194-1203 (2016).|2. Alecu, I., Othman, A., Penno, A., et al. Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway. J. Lipid Res. 58(1), 60-71 (2017).|3. Alecu, I., Tedeschi, A., Behler, N., et al. Localization of 1-deoxysphingolipids to mitochondria induces mitochondrial dysfunction. J. Lipid. Res. 58(1), 42-59 (2017).|4. Schwartz, N.U., Mileva, I., Gurevich, M., et al. Quantifying 1-deoxydihydroceramides and 1-deoxyceramides in mouse nervous system tissue. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 141, 40-48 (2019).

1-Deoxysphingosine (m18:1(14Z)) is an unconventional sphingolipid featuring a (14Z) double bond at the n-4 position, synthesized when serine palmitoyltransferase combines palmitoyl-CoA with alanine, not serine, during sphingolipid production. Unlike typical sphingolipids, it lacks the essential C1-hydroxyl group for standard degradation but undergoes metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) subfamilies CYP4A and CYP4F in MEF cells.

1-Deoxysphingosine (m18:1(4E)) is an atypical sphingolipid that contains a double bond at the 4E native position and is formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during sphingolipid synthesis.1,2 Plasma levels of 1-deoxysphingosine (m18:1(4E)) are increased in patients with chronic idiopathic axonal neuropathy (CIAP) and diabetic distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN).3 |1. Steiner, R., Saied, E.M., Othman, A., et al. Elucidating the chemical structure of native 1-deoxysphingosine. J. Lipid Res. 57(7), 1194-1203 (2016).|2. Alecu, I., Othman, A., Penno, A., et al. Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway. J. Lipid Res. 58(1), 60-71 (2017).|3. Hube, L., Dohrn, M.F., Karsai, G., et al. Metabolic syndrome, neurotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids and nervous tissue inflammation in chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP). PLoS One 12(1):e0170583, (2017).