splenocytes

Peficitinib (ASP015K) 是一种可口服的 JAK 抑制剂，对 JAK1、JAK2、JAK3 和 Tyk2 的IC50值分别为 3.9、5.0、0.7 和 4.8 nM。

ML604440 是一种特异性的、有效的、细胞可渗透的蛋白酶体 β1i (LMP2) 亚基抑制剂，能够破坏 MHC I 类细胞表面表达，IL-6 分泌以及 naïve T helper 向 17 T helper 细胞的分化。它可以改善实验性结肠炎和 EAE 疾病。

C8 Galactosylceramide is a synthetic C8 short-chain derivative of known membrane microdomain-forming sphingolipids. It increases the amount delivered and toxicity of doxorubicin in cancerous but not non-cancerous cells when incorporated into the nanoliposomal membrane of nanoliposomal-doxorubicin. C8 Galactosylceramide induces proliferation and cytokine production by splenocytes in vitro at concentrations ranging from 100-1,000 ng ml but has no effect on natural killer T cell production in vivo. It also activates NF-κB production in C6 glioma cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM.

C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 24:1(15Z))是成熟髓鞘中主要的硫酸盐类化合物。C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 24:1(15Z)) 在大鼠小脑中发现活跃的髓发生鞘化反应时积累率高于C24 3'-sulfo 半乳糖甘油酰胺。C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 24:1(15Z))与C 型凝集素和免疫球蛋白样受体相互作用使对LMIR5的亲和力高。C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 24:1(15Z))诱导嗜碱细胞产生MCP-1，可通过增加LMIR5激活NFAT，但不能诱导肥大细胞 。C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 24:1(15Z))在体外与CD1d 结合，并增加游离小鼠脾细胞的增殖。

(-)-Rasfonin is a fungal metabolite that has been found in T. terrophilus.1 It inhibits proliferation of mouse splenocytes induced by concanavalin A and LPS (IC50s = 0.7 and 0.5 μg ml, respectively). References1. Fujimoto, H., Okamoto, Y., Sone, E., et al. Eleven new 2-pyrones from a fungi imperfecti, Trichurus terrophilus, found in a screening study guided by immunomodulatory activity. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 53(8), 923-929 (2005).

Maydispenoid B，一种有效的免疫抑制剂，能够抑制抗CD3/抗CD28单抗和脂多糖激活的小鼠脾细胞增殖。

Rosiptor is a potent and selective SHIP1 activator. AQX-1125 inhibits Akt phosphorylation in SHIP1-proficient but not in SHIP1-deficient cells, reduces cytokine production in splenocytes, inhibits the activation of mast cells and inhibits human leukocyte

Sulfatides are endogenous sulfoglycolipids with various biological activities in the central and peripheral nervous systems, pancreas, and immune system. They are produced from the combination of ceramide and UDP-galactose in the endoplasmic reticulum followed by sulfation in the Golgi apparatus. The ceramide portion contains variable fatty acid chain lengths, which are tissue- and pathology-dependent. Sulfatides are primarily found in the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, with smaller chain lengths predominant during development and longer chain lengths predominant in mature cells. They accumulate in the lysosome of patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy, a disorder characterized by arylsulfatase A deficiency. Sulfatides are also located in pancreatic β-cells and inhibit insulin release from isolated rat pancreatic islet cells, suggesting a potential role in diabetes. Sulfatides can induce inflammation in glia in vitro and certain sulfatides, such as C24:1 3'-sulfo-galactosylceramide, can induce an immune response in vitro in mouse splenocytes. Sulfatides (bovine) (sodium salt) is a mixture of isolated bovine sulfatides.

Colletodiol is a fungal metabolite that has been found inD. grovesiiand has immunosuppressant and antiviral activities.1,2It inhibits concanavalin A- or LPS-induced proliferation of isolated mouse splenocytes (IC50s = 12 and 5 μg ml, respectively).1Colletodiol inhibits influenza A viral replication in HeLa-IAV-Luc cells.2 1.Fujimoto, H., Nagano, J., Yamaguchi, K., et al.Immunosuppressive components from an ascomycete, Diplogelasinospora grovesiChem. Pharm. Bull.46(3)423-429(1998) 2.Lai, W., Wang, S., and Ye, X.Colletodiol inhibits the replication of influenza A virus WSN H1N1 by reducing the activity of viral RNA polymeraseWei Sheng Wu Xue Bao53(12)1334-1339(2013)

KBC-007 is a synthetic branched chain-containing analog of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). It induces IL-4 and IFN-γ secretion by mouse splenocytes when used at a concentration of 0.5 ng/ml and IL-2 secretion by DN32.D3 NKT hybridoma cells co-cultured with CD1d-transfected RBL cells pre-loaded with KBC-007 at a concentration of 8 ng/ml. KBC-007 (1 μg per animal) increases levels of IL-4, but not IFN-γ, to a similar degree as α-GalCer in mouse serum. KBC-007 (0.5 μg per animal) increases the survival rate of mice immunized with the inactivated influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 in a model of influenza infection.

Tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) is a metabolite of the organochlorine biocide pentachlorophenol. It is cytotoxic to RTL-W1 rainbow trout liver cells (EC50 = 1.55 μM in a neutral red assay). TCHQ increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibits apoptosis, and induces loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and necrosis in splenocytes. In vivo, TCHQ induces glutathione (GSH) depletion in mouse liver.

Ganoderic acid LM2 exhibits potent enhancement of ConA-induced mice splenocytes proliferation in vitro.

Kaempferitrin (Lespenephryl) 是天然黄酮苷类化合物，具有缓解疼痛、抗糖尿病、消炎、抗肿瘤和化疗作用，可激活胰岛素信号传导。

Risankizumab (BI 655066) 是一种人源化靶向 IL-23 p19 亚基的 IgG 单克隆抗体(Kd <10 pM)。 Risankizumab 能抑制人 IL-23 在小鼠脾细胞中诱导的 IL-17 产生，IC50 值为 2 pM。Risankizumab 可用于预防和治疗如寻常型银屑病、银屑病关节炎、广泛性脓疱型银屑病和红皮病型银屑病类的免疫性和炎症性疾病。

Geraniin 是一种肿瘤坏死因子α释放抑制剂，其IC50值为 43 μM，具有抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗高血糖活性。

α-Galactosylceramide analog 8 (α-GalCer analog 8) is a triazole derivative of α-galactosylceramide. [1] It increases IL-2 secretion by DN32.D3 NKT hybridoma cells when co-cultured with CD1d-transfected RBL cells pre-loaded with α-GalCer analog 8 at a concentration of 32 ng ml. α-GalCer analog 8 (32 ng ml) induces IL-4 secretion to a greater extent than the synthetic α-GalCer KRN 7000 in mouse splenocytes in vitro and in mouse serum following administration of a 1 µg per animal dose, indicating a Th2 response.

Tetracosanoyl-sulfatide is an endogenous sulfated glycolipid, which are also known as sulfatides . Tetracosanoyl-sulfatide is the major sulfatide in mature myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Levels of Tetracosanoyl-sulfatide are elevated in plasma derived from patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy, a disorder characterized by arylsulfatase A deficiency, leading to sulfatide accumulation. Unlike C24:1 3'-sulfo galactosylceramide, it does not induce an immune response in mouse splenocytes in vitro.