Cucurbitacin D 是一种从 Ecballium elaterium （L.）分离出来的三萜类化合物，具有抗癌抗肿瘤活性，抑制转移性 PrC 中的葡萄糖摄取和乳酸产生，诱导独立于 ERK1 2 激活的炎症小体激活。 Cucurbitacin D 是巨噬细胞中的一种新的炎症小体激活剂，通过调节 JAK STAT3、PI3K Akt mTOR 和 MAPK 信号通路抑制 HepG2 细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡， 可用于研究宫颈癌、白血病和前列腺癌。

Cucurbitacin B 2-o-α²-D-glucoside has anticancer activity.

Arvenin II is a natural product from Hemsleya amabilis.

Cucurbitacin I, cytotoxic triterpenoid sterols isolated from plants, elicits the formation of actin phospho-myosin II co-aggregates by stimulation of the RhoA ROCK pathway and inhibition of LIM-Kinase.

Cucurbitacins from Wilbrandia ebracteata have analgesic effects. Cucurbitacin S has anticancer and antiinflammatory activities.