Panaxydol has anti-cancer activity, can inhibit the growth and apoptosis of cancer cells, the signaling mechanisms involve a [Ca(2+)](i) increase, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, cAMP, MAP kinase and ROS generation through NADPH oxidase and mitochondria.
Ginsenoside F4 has inhibitory effect on human lymphocytoma JK cell by inducing its apoptosis, the mechanism is related to the mitochondrial dysfunction and the increase of Bax expression and decrease of Bcl-2 expression.
Pseudoginsenoside Rh2 has cytotoxicity, it induces mitochondrial apoptosis in A549 cells and is responsible for excessive activation of the Ras Raf ERK p53 pathway. (20Z) -Pseudoginsenoside Rh2 and (20E)-Pseudoginsenoside Rh2 have antioxidative activity.
Dammarenediol II may have the ability to prevent diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy, it can inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and stress fiber forma
20(S),24(R)-Ocotillol, a natural product, is characterized by a unique structure featuring specific stereoisomers denoted by (S) at carbon 20 and (R) at carbon 24.
Cyclo(Gly-(L)-Pro) shows immunostimulatory properties. Cyclo(Gly-l-Pro) exhibits potent inhibition of TNF-α release with the IC50 values of 4.5 ug/mL, respectively, it also exhibits significant diminution of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA-expression levels and NO pr
Total panax notoginsenosides (TPNS) are the main active ingredients in San-Chi, the root of(Burk) F.H. Chen, which belongs to the Araliaceae family and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat atherosclerosis;TPNS can prevent atherosclerosis