sodium taurocholate hydrate

Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (Sodium taurocholate hydrate) 是一种胆汁酸钠盐水合物，作用是参与脂肪的乳化。

Sodium taurocholate (Taurocholate Sodium) hydrate 具有显著的生物学效应，例如通过上调 VEGF-A 的表达抑制肝动脉结扎所致的胆道损伤。对免疫系统具有一定的调节作用。

D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 是碳水化合物代谢的中间体，包括糖酵解和糖异生。在糖酵解过程中，它是由磷酸果糖激酶磷酸化果糖-6-磷酸产生的。由果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶-1介导的逆反应是糖异生的限速步骤之一。同样的反应也发生在植物的叶绿体中，D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 作为还原性戊糖磷酸循环的一部分。由于癌细胞采用糖酵解作为代谢能量产生的主要来源，这一途径已成为癌症化疗的主要靶点。

D-Fructose-6-phosphate (sodium salt hydrate) 是由磷酸葡萄糖异构酶将 6-磷酸葡萄糖异构化产生的糖酵解途径的糖中间体，可用于研究癌症。

Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium hydrate (Sodium taurodeoxycholate monohydrate) 通过阻断钙介导的凋亡通路和 Caspase-12的活化来阻止细胞凋亡。它可用于原发性胆汁性肝硬化、胰岛素抵抗、淀粉样变性、囊性纤维化、胆汁淤积和肌萎缩侧索硬化症。

Cholic acid sodium hydrate, 为肝脏主要产生的胆汁酸，常与甘氨酸或牛磺酸结合，促进脂肪吸收及胆固醇排出，具备口服活性。

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleotide and derivative of the nucleic acid adenosine 5'-triphosphate .1dATP is a substrate for DNA polymerase in the synthesis of DNA.2It is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductases, which provides feedback inhibition during DNA synthesis.1dATP has commonly been used in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and labeling in research applications.3,4dATP accumulates in adenosine deaminase deficiency, a disorder characterized by mutations in the gene for adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine.5 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Key steps in nucleotide biosynthesis are regulated by feedback inhibitionBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.DNA is replicated by polymerases that take instructions from templatesBiochemistry(2002) 3.Cadwell, R.C., and Joyce, G.F.Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesisPCR Methods Appl.2(1)28-33(1992) 4.Steffens, D.L., Jang, G.Y., Sutter, S.L., et al.An infrared fluorescent dATP for labeling DNAGenome Res.5(4)393-399(1995) 5.Flinn, A.M., and Gennery, A.R.Adenosine deaminase deficiency: A reviewOrphanet J. Rare Dis.13(1)65(2018)

Acetoacetyl Coenzyme A sodium hydrate (Acetoacetyl-CoA sodium hydrate) 是聚-β-羟基丁酸酯的前体，与机体能量代谢紧密相关，缺乏会诱导代谢疾病 。