proadrenomedullin (1 20), human

Endogenous peptide agonist of Mas related GPR X2 (MRGPRX2, EC50 = 251 nM). Also a noncompetitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist. Inhibits nicotine-stimulated catecholamine secretion from PC12 cells in vitro, and from sympathetic nerve endings and adrena

Carperitide acetate (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine Acetate) 是一种由 28 个氨基酸组成的激素，由心脏产生并分泌，以响应心脏损伤和机械拉伸。Carperitide acetate 抑制内皮素-1 (endothelin-1) 分泌。

Gastrin I (1-14), human 是人胃泌素 I 肽的 1-14 片段。其中Gastrin I 是内源性胃肠肽激素。Gastrin 是胃酸分泌的主要激素调节剂。

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate 是一种利钠肽受体 B (NPR-B) 的激动剂，一种内皮衍生的松弛剂和生长抑制因子。 C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate 抑制由组胺和 5-HT 或直接由毛喉素刺激的 cAMP 合成。

Hemokinin 1 (human) acetate(491851-53-7 free base) 是一种内源性 P 物质同系物，是速激肽 NK1 受体的选择性激动剂（NK1、NK3 和 NK2 受体的 IC50 值分别为 1.8、370 和 480 nM）。在体外对 B 细胞具有增殖和抗凋亡作用，在体内具有抗高血压作用。

RFRP-1 (human) acetate(311309-25-8 free base) 是一种有效的内源性 NPFF 受体激动剂（NPFF2 和 NPFF1 的 EC50 值分别为 0.0011 和 29 nM）。它减弱离体大鼠和兔心肌细胞的收缩功能。降低心率、每搏输出量、射血分数和心输出量，并增加大鼠的血浆催乳素水平。 GnIH 同系物。

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human acetate 是促肾上腺皮质激素的一个片段。 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human acetate 仅在 100 和 1000 nM 时具有较弱的 α-MSH 效力。

Amyloid β Peptide (42-1)(human) acetate 是淀粉样蛋白 β 肽 (1-42) 的无活性形式。Amyloid β Peptide (42-1)(human) acetate 是由 42 个氨基酸组成的肽，其在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中起关键作用。

Ac-Endothelin-1 (16-21), human acetate 是内皮素家族的主要肽，已被证明在血管和非血管组织中具有多种生物活性。 C-末端片段是 ET 家族肽中高度保守的序列，已显示可区分称为 ETA 和 ETB 的两种 ET 受体亚型，因为它仅激活后者。

GnRH Associated Peptide (GAP) (1-13), human Acetate 被发现是催乳素分泌的有效抑制剂并刺激促性腺激素的释放。用对应于 GAP 序列的肽进行主动免疫导致催乳素分泌大大增加。

β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) acetate 存在于大脑垂体和下丘脑中，具有镇痛活性。 β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) acetate 是一种阿片受体激动剂，对 μ-阿片受体和 δ-阿片受体具有较好的亲和力。

BNP (1-32), human 是一种脑利钠肽。

β-Amyloid (1-42), acetate (human) 是由 42 个氨基酸组成的肽，是 β-Amyloid 的一部分，常用于阿尔茨海默病造模。

Endothelin 1 (swine, human) acetate(117399-94-7 free base) 是一种合成肽，其序列为人和猪内皮素 1。它是一种有效的内源性血管收缩剂，通过两种类型的受体 ETA 和 ETB 起作用。

MART-1 (26-35) (human) (MART-1 (26-35) human) 是一种 MART-1 蛋白 26 到 35 氨基酸片段。

Angiotensinogen (1-14), human acetate 是血管紧张素原的片段，它是肾素-血管紧张素系统的被动底物。

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) 是一种 22 肽，是一种内源性黑皮质素 4 受体 (MC4-R) 激动剂。

PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat acetate (PACAP 1-27 acetate)(127317-03-7 free base) 是一种新的神经肽，最初从牛下丘脑中分离出来，也存在于人和大鼠中。

Galanin (1-30), human acetate (Galanin ) 是一种 30 个氨基酸的神经肽。 它是 GalR1 和 GalR2 受体的激动剂，Kis 均为 1 nM。

Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA（Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA）是一种标记有生物素的β-Amyloid (1-42)肽，由42个氨基酸构成，对阿尔茨海默病的发病机理有重要作用。

β-Amyloid (1-42), human 是一种由 42 个氨基酸组成的肽，在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中起关键作用。

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human 是一种利钠肽受体 B (NPR-B) 激动剂，是一种 CNP 的 1-22 片段。它对生理激动剂组胺和 5-HT 刺激或直接由 Forskolin 刺激的 cAMP 合成具有抑制作用。其中CNP 是一种有效的、内皮衍生的松弛剂和生长抑制因子。

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine Acetate 是颗粒鸟苷酸环化酶的刺激剂，已被发现通过增加环鸟苷单磷酸的合成来保护分离的心肌细胞免受复氧诱导的高收缩。Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine Acetate 也有助于在反复运动期间刺激脂解，并在运动期间控制脂解。

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-39), human (ACTH (1-39), human) 是黑皮质素受体激动剂。

'(Des-Bromo)-Neuropeptide B (1-23) (human)' 是一种作用于orphan G-protein coupled receptor的激动剂，对GPR7 (NPBW1) 的Ki值为1.2 nM，而对GPR8 (NPBW2) 的Ki值则为341 nM。

胃抑制肽1(GIP-1) (3-42)是肠促胰岛素激素GIP的一个肽段，同时也是GIP受体的拮抗剂。它通过血清二肽基肽酶4(DDP-4)从GIP中形成。GIP-1 (3-42) (100 nM)在减少BRIN-BD11胰腺细胞的胰岛素分泌方面起作用。在以25 nmol/kg剂量给药的ob/ob糖尿病小鼠模型中，它能增加血浆葡萄糖水平并降低血浆胰岛素水平。

IRBP1-20（1-20）是IRBP的一个十二肽片段，亦称视黄醇结合蛋白3，负责运输视锥细胞中的视黄醇和视黄醛至视网膜色素上皮，参与色素再生。在携带H-2b等位基因型的C57BL/6小鼠中，IRBP1-20用于诱导自身免疫性葡萄膜视网膜炎。IRBP1-20（3 µM）能增加初级小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌IL-4、IL-5和IL-6的水平。用IRBP1-20免疫并再次挑战，可增加IFN-γ缺乏小鼠的耳部肿胀、眼部血管炎症、免疫细胞浸润和视锥细胞层损伤，以及视网膜脱落。

β-Defensin-1 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth ofB. adolescentis,L. acidophilus,B. breve,B. vulgatus,L. fermentum,B. longum, andS. thermophilusin an antimicrobial radial diffusion assay.2β-Defensin-1 also inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius, and of susceptibleM. tuberculosisH37Rv but not of resistantM. tuberculosisRM22 when used at a concentration of 128 μg/ml.3,4It blocks human and mouse Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels (IC50s = 11.8 and 13.2 μM, respectively).5Overexpression of β-defensin-1 in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines HSC-3, UM-1, and SCC-9 increases migration and invasion but not proliferation.6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Schroeder, B.O., Ehmann, D., Precht, J.C., et al.Paneth cell α-defensin 6 (HD-6) is an antimicrobial peptideMucosal Immunol.8(3)661-671(2015) 3.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 4.Fattorini, L., Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M., et al.In vitro activity of protegrin-1 and beta-defensin-1, alone and in combination with isoniazid, against Mycobacterium tuberculosisPeptides25(7)1075-1077(2004) 5.Feng, J., Xie, Z., Yang, W., et al.Human beta-defensin 1, a new animal toxin-like blocker of potassium channelToxicon113(2016) 6.Han, Q., Wang, R., Sun, C., et al.Human beta-defensin-1 suppresses tumor migration and invasion and is an independent predictor for survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patientsPLoS One9(3)e91867(2014)

Neuropeptide Y (1-24) (human) 是一种神经肽，它能够抑制大鼠输精管电刺激引发的抽搐反应，同时在体内刺激 N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) 促使大鼠海马背侧 CA3 区神经元激活。

Human PTH-(1-31) 是人PTH的第1至31个氨基酸片段。它能够促进cAMP的释放，并作为25-羟基维生素D-1α-羟化酶的弱激活剂。此外，Human PTH-(1-31) 能够促进骨生成，而不引起骨质吸收，表明其在骨质疏松症研究中的应用潜力。

(Des-Glu5)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) 是促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH) 的类似物。ACTH 是一种由垂体前叶腺产生的多肽激素，调节皮质醇和雄激素的产生。

'(Met(O)27)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) 为修饰版胰高血糖素。在大鼠肝细胞内，其促进葡萄糖合成的活性虽与天然胰高血糖素相似，但呈现出较低效率，暗示蛋氨酸对于胰高血糖素与其肝脏受体绑定具有关键性作用。'

Biotinyl-Glucagon (1-29), human, bovine, porcine 为带生物素标记的Glucagon衍生物，此肽类激素由胰腺α细胞分泌，功能是提升血液中的葡萄糖与脂肪酸浓度。

Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is a neuropeptide found in rat hippocampus, brain stem, and pituitary. It is also present in the human hypothalamus, where it comprises approximately 4.9% of total β-endorphin peptides. Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is produced through posttranslational processing of β-endorphin and is processed similarly in rat and human hypothalamus. Levels of acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) increase in the rat pars intermedia and brain stem following chronic administration of haloperidol .

Nogo-66 (1-40) aceate (475221-20-6 Free base) 是对应于 Nogo-66 残基 1 - 40 的肽片段，Nogo-66 是抑制轴突生长的髓磷脂蛋白 Nogo 的结构域。Nogo-66 (1-40) aceate 作为 Nogo-66 受体 (NgR) 的竞争性拮抗剂，阻断 Nogo-66 和 CNS 髓磷脂诱导的轴突生长抑制，但不会减少髓磷脂相关糖蛋白 (MAG) 体外抑制神经突生长。Nogo-66 (1-40) aceate 促进体内脊髓损伤后半切脊髓轴突的再生和运动恢复。

Defensin HNP-1 human is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development.Defensin HNP-1 human can regulate the growth of atherosclerosis.

Osteocalcin (1-49) is a non-collagenous peptide that is secreted by osteoblasts and odontoblasts and comprises 1-2% of the total protein in bone. Secretion of osteocalcin (1-49) is stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and plasma levels increase in diseases that induce dysregulated bone turnover such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteocalcin (1-49) is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity and negatively correlated with high blood glucose levels in women. In vitro, osteocalcin induces chemotaxis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, human peripheral blood monocytes, and rat osteosarcoma cells with osteoblast-like characteristics. It is also expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) displaying an osteoblast-like phenotype and has been positively associated with calcification of aortic tissue and heart valves in humans.

Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by pancreatic α-cells. Glucagon reduces the activity of HNF-4. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis. Glucagon enhances HNF4α phosphorylation.

Orexin B, human (TFA) is an endogenous agonist at Orexin receptor with Kis of 420 and 36 nM for OX1 and OX2.

Potent endogenous NPFF receptor agonist (EC50 values are 0.0011 and 29 nM for NPFF2 and NPFF1, respectively). Attenuates contractile function of isolated rat and rabbit cardiac myocytes. Reduces heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac out

GLP-2(1-33) (human) is an enteroendocrine hormone that stimulates intestinal epithelium growth.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human (TFA), is a highly potent agonist of the GLP-1 receptor and is a pancreatic hormone synthesized through post-translational processing of proglucagon.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human, is a highly potent agonist of the GLP-1 receptor and a pancreatic hormone synthesized through post-translational processing of proglucagon. Unlike truncated forms of GLP-1, it has no effect on food intake in rats.

CNP, a member of the natriuretic peptide family, was first identified in porcine brain and later found in other mammals as well as non-mammals. Processing of the CNP precursor gives rise to CNP-22 and its N-terminally elongated form, CNP-53. The CNPs shar

Angiotensinogen is a serum globulin formed by the liver that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensinogen is also called angiotensin precursor.

PACAP (1-27) (the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38) is a novel neuropeptides originally isolated from bovine hypothalamus, also found in humans and rats.

MART-1 (26-35) (human) TFA is an amino acid residue of 26-35 protein.

Galanin (1-30), human, is a 30-amino acid neuropeptide that acts as an agonist of GalR1 and GalR2 receptors with Kis of 1 nM. This endogenous peptide exhibits multiple endocrine, metabolic, and behavioral effects and has demonstrated activity on the intestinal system.