isoproterenol

Isoproterenol (Norisodrine) 是一种非选择性且具有口服活性的 β-肾上腺素受体激动剂。Isoproterenol 是有效的外周血管扩张剂和支气管扩张剂。Isoproterenol 可用于研究心动过缓和支气管哮喘，用于治疗心脏传导阻滞、心动过缓。

Isoproterenol tartrate, (-)- is a beta-Adrenoceptor agonist agent that increases cytosolic cAMP.

Isoproterenol-d7 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of isoproterenol by GC- or LC-MS. Isoproterenol is an agonist of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (β1- and β2-ARs; Kis = 224 and 458 nM, respectively). It is selective for β1- and β2-ARs over β3-ARs (Ki = 1,570 nM). Isoproterenol inhibits contractions in isolated field-stimulated rat vas deferens (EC50 = 45.6 nM). In vivo, isoproterenol (0.33 mg/kg) decreases blood pressure and increases water intake in nephrectomized rats. It reduces blood pressure and increases heart rate in renal hypertensive rabbits. Isoproterenol inhibits histamine-induced bronchospasms in anesthetized dogs. Formulations containing isoproterenol have been used in the treatment of bradydysrhythmias and to improve breathing during anesthesia.

Isoproterenol sulfate anhydrous is a useful alkaloid. It is used for biological research.

(S)-Isoproterenol bitartrate is a bioactive chemical.

(-)-Isoproterenol hydrochloride作为β-adrenergic受体激动剂，在治疗心动过缓和作为支气管扩张剂方面应用。

Isoproterenol bitartrate is a beta-sympathomimetic and an isopropyl analog of Epinephrine, which acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, and alimentary tract. It is used mainly as a bronchodilator and heart stimulant.

Isoprenaline hydrochloride (Isoproterenol hydrochloride) 是一种 β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂，具有非选择性和口服活性。Isoprenaline hydrochloride 可以扩张支气管，提高心率和心输出量，而不会收缩血管。

Bisaramil hydrochloride (Bisaramil) 是一种新型二氮双环壬烷抗心律失常化合物，抑制自由基生成。Bisaramil hydrochloride 可阻断钠电流，抑制异丙肾上腺素在 K（+） 去极化肌上诱导的缓慢 Ca（2+） 动作电位。

Sinapinic Acid (Synapoic acid) 是从 Hydnophytum formicarumJack. 根中分离到的酚类，是HDAC 抑制剂，对ACE-I 的活性也有抑制作用。它有抗肿瘤活性，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，具有抗氧化、抗糖尿病的作用。

Dichloroisoproterenol is also known as Dichloroisoprenaline (DCI), was the first beta blocker ever to be developed. It is non-selective for the β1-adrenergic and β2-adrenergic receptors. DCI has low potency and acts as a partial agonist/antagonist at these receptors. Dichloroisoprenaline is a racemic mixture of enantiomers.

Dichloroisoproterenol hydrochloride is a biochemical. It may be used for cardiac arrhythmia.

SB 204741 是一种选择性的5-HT2B 拮抗剂，具有高亲和性，pKi 值为7.1。

Fenspiride-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of fenspiride by GC- or LC-MS. Fenspiride is an antagonist of histamine H1 receptors and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It inhibits histamine-induced contraction of isolated guinea pig trachea but not histamine-induced inotropy of isolated guinea pig heart. It also inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), PDE5, and PDE3 (IC50s = 69, ~158, and 363 µM, respectively, in isolated human bronchi derived from patients with lung cancer). It is selective for these phosphodiesterases over PDE1 and PDE2, where it provides less than 25% inhibition. Fenspiride potentiates the airway relaxant effects of isoproterenol and sodium nitroprusside indicating an effect on cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterases, respectively. Aerosolized fenspiride (1 mg/ml) reverses bronchoconstriction induced by capsaicin and, when used at aerosolized concentrations ranging from 1-10 mg/ml, reduces cough induced by citric aci......

Clofeverine hydrochloride is the salt form of Clofeverine (free base), a highly selective relaxant for gastrointestinal smooth muscles with a beta-receptor stimulative nature. On isolated ileum, the inhibitory effect of clofeverine for spontaneous motility was comparable to that of isoproterenol and 100 times higher than that of papaverine.

FFA2 allosteric agonist. Inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP increase and stimulates 35SGTPγS binding in biochemical assays (pEC50 values are 6.9 and 7.23, respectively). Binds at allosteric binding site. In functional assays, displays positive allosteric modulation of FFA-induced Gi signaling and negative allosteric modulation of FFA-induced Gq/G11 signaling. Inhibits lipolytic effect of isoproterenol (pEC50 = 5.03) and induces migration of human neutrophils in vitro. Bolognini et al (2016) A novel allosteric activator of free fatty acid 2 receptor displays unique Gi-functional bias. J.Biol.Chem. 291 18915 PMID:27385588 |Sergeev et al (2017) A single extracellular amino acid in free fatty acid receptor 2 defines antagonist species selectivity and G protein selection bias. Sci.Rep. 7 13741 PMID:29061999

Protokylol hydrochloride is the salt form of Protokylol (free base) (Asmetil, Caytine, Palison, Ventaire), a β-adrenergic receptor agonist used as a bronchodilator in Europe and the United States. It is methylenedioxyphenyl-isoproterenol.

INF 195 是一种炎性小体 NLRP3 抑制剂，抑制 NLRP3 驱动的巨噬细胞焦亡 和 IL-1β 释放。INF 195 可减轻异丙肾上腺素诱导的 H9c2 大鼠成肌细胞肥大，可用于研究心肌缺血和心肌梗死。

Clofeverine (free base) is a highly selective relaxant for gastrointestinal smooth muscles with a beta-receptor stimulative nature. On isolated ileum, the inhibitory effect of clofeverine for spontaneous motility was comparable to that of isoproterenol and 100 times higher than that of papaverine.

Rimiterol, a beta 2 stimulant, therefore affects the cardiovascular system less than isoproterenol.

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADP-ribose) is an endogenous metabolite of NAD+ that mobilizes the release of stored Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine receptors in various cell types.[1],[2],[3],[4],[5] This second messenger is generated via the cADP-ribose synthases CD38 and CD157.[6],[5],[7] cADP-Ribose may also trigger the cell surface Ca2+ influx channel TRPM2 in a temperature-dependent manner.[8] In vitro, cADP-ribose modulates Ca2+ signaling in rat and mouse cardiomyocytes treated with isoproterenol , and treatment with this metabolite at 100 μM under heat stress conditions induces the release of oxytocin from the mouse hypothalamus.[9],[4]