chlorhexidine acetate hydrate

Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate 是一种消毒剂和局部抗感染剂，也用作漱口水以防止口腔菌斑。

Ceftaroline fosamil hydrate acetate 是一种高效的头孢菌素类抗生素(antibiotic)，对多种病原体有广谱活性，特别是针对革兰氏阳性病原体，如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐多药肺炎链球菌，以及常见的革兰氏阴性微生物。此外，Ceftaroline fosamil hydrate acetate 在治疗复杂皮肤及皮肤结构感染(cSSSIs)和社区获得性肺炎(CABP)方面表现出显著的抗感染活性。

Nafarelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) which acts as an analog of GnRH. Nafarelin increases the release of FSH and LH by the anterior pituitary, which in turn leads to an increase of estrogen/progesterone. When administered, Nafarelin has the purpose of causing increase estrogen that will negatively feed back upon hypothalamus to decrease GnRH ( negative feedback loop ) Through negative feedback, Nafarelin causes a decrease in pituitary secretion of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Nafarelin may be used in the treatment of estrogen-dependent conditions (such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids), to treat central precocious puberty, and to control ovarian stimulation in IVF. It is normally delivered via a nasal spray. Nafarelin acetate is marketed by Searle (now part of Pfizer) under the brand name Synarel.

Pramlintide is a non-amyloidogenic analog of the antidiabetic peptide hormone amylin that contains proline residues substituted at positions 25, 28, and 29. It stimulates cAMP production in HEK293 cells expressing human amylin receptor 1a (AMY1a), AMY2a, and AMY3a (EC50s = 0.35, 22.9, and 0.89 nM, respectively). Pramlintide inhibits human islet amyloid polypeptide fibrilization in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, pramlintide (200 pg/kg) reduces brain levels of amyloid-β (1-40) and increases spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze in the Tg2576 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.