Galangin (Norizalpinin) is an agonist/antagonist of the arylhydrocarbon receptor, and also shows inhibition of CYP1A1 activity.

通过薄层色谱分析，Galangin 以剂量依赖的方式抑制DMBA的分解代谢。Galangin 还能抑制DMBA-DNA加合物的形成，并阻止DMBA引起的细胞生长抑制。在整体细胞和从DMBA处理的细胞中分离的微粒体内，通过乙氧基罗素-O-去乙基酶活性测量，Galangin 强效且剂量依赖地抑制CYP1A1活性。通过双倒数图分析抑制动力学表明，Galangin 以非竞争性方式抑制CYP1A1活性。Galangin 使CYP1A1 mRNA水平上升，表明其可能是芳烃受体的激动剂，但它抑制了DMBA或2,3,5,7-四氯二苯并二恶英（TCDD）引起的CYP1A1 mRNA的诱导。Galangin 还抑制了DMBA-或TCDD诱导的含有CYP1A1启动子的报告载体的转录。Galangin治疗抑制细胞增殖，并诱导自噬（130 μM）和凋亡（370 μM）。特别是，在HepG2细胞中，Galangin处理导致(1)自噬体的积累，(2)微管相关蛋白轻链3水平的上升，以及(3)含有空泡的细胞比例的增加。p53表达也增加。通过在HepG2细胞中抑制p53，可减弱Galangin诱导的自噬，并且在Hep3B细胞中过表达p53，可将Galangin诱导的含有空泡的细胞比例恢复到正常水平。

Cells (5.0×103) are seeded and treated with different concentrations of galangin for different periods of time in 96-well plates. The number of viable cells in each well is determined by adding 10 μL of 5 mg/mL MTT solution. Following the 4 hour incubation at 37°C, the cells are dissolved in a 100 μL solution containing 20% SDS and 50% dimethy formamide. The optical densities are quantified at a test wavelength of 570 nm with a reference wavelength of 630 nm using a Varioskan Flash Reader spectrophotometer.