Neogambogic acid, an active ingredient in garcinia, can inhibit the growth of some solid tumors and result in an anticancer effect, it may be responsible for the inhibition of proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 cells.

Neo-gambogic acid（NGA）显著以剂量依赖的方式降低了MCF-7细胞的增殖。NGA能够提高与凋亡相关的蛋白质FasL、caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9和Bax的表达，并降低抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达，伴随着线粒体膜损伤。NGA对MCF-7细胞的抗增殖效应是由于G(0)/G(1)期阻滞、凋亡增加以及Fas/FasL和细胞色素C途径的激活[1]。

Neogambogic acid(NGA)的剂量≤0.4 μg/ml对小鼠BMMs体外增殖无显著影响(P>0.05)；而0.1-0.4 μg/ml的浓度范围内，显著抑制了RANKL诱导的破骨细胞生成(P<0.01)，且呈剂量依赖性。与对照组相比，NGA显著减少了RANKL诱导的体外骨吸收(P<0.01)，并下调了与破骨细胞相关的mRNAs表达，包括TRAP、CTR、CTSK及NFATc1。NGA抑制了JNK的激活，但不影响p38信号通路，并显著减少了NF-κB p65的磷酸化及NF-κB分子的核内转运，进而抑制NFATc1的表达。结论：NGA通过抑制JNK和NF-κB通路，在小鼠BMMs体外抑制RANKL诱导的破骨细胞生成，并减少了破骨性骨吸收。

MCF-7 cells (5* 10^4 ) were seeded into 96-well plates.Four hours later, 10 ul NGA in DMSO was added into the wells at various concentrations (0.5-24 ug/ml) and 0.1% DMSO was set as a negative control.?After 72 h, 50 ul MTT was added and cells were incubated for another 4 h. Then, media was removed and 150 ul DMSO was added and the plates were placed on a shaking table at 150 rpm for 10 min. Optical density (OD) was measured at 490 nm.?The experiment was repeated thrice and the rate of cell inhibition was calculated using the following formula: inhibition rate [1-(OD test/ OD negative control)]*100%[1].

Primary mouse BMMs were cultured with increasing concentrations of NGA.?Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to study the expression of mRNAs corresponding to gene products specific to receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), calcitonin receptor (CTR), cathepsin K (CTSK), and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1).?A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation.?Western blotting and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy were used to investigate the signaling pathways.?A bone resorption model was used to quantify bone resorption[2].