Cardioxane (ADR-529) is a cardio-protective drug.

Dexrazoxane（10 mM），临床上已知可限制蒽环类化合物引起的心脏毒性，可以预防多柔比星引发的心肌细胞凋亡，但对于高浓度蒽环类化合物引起的坏死则无效。[1] Dexrazoxane通过结合游离态或松散结合的铁，或与多柔比星形成的铁复合物，从而防止或减少特定位置的氧基团产生，这种氧基团会损害细胞成分，推测其发挥心脏保护作用。[2] Dexrazoxane专门消除多柔比星引起的DNA损伤信号gamma-H2AX，但对坎普地星或过氧化氢则无效，在H9C2心肌细胞中。它还能快速降解Top2beta，与多柔比星引起的DNA损伤的减少相对应。Dexrazoxane通过干扰Top2beta抵消多柔比星引起的DNA损伤，这可能意味着Top2beta在多柔比星引起的心脏毒性中起作用。[3] Dexrazoxane在细胞内被水解为活性形式并结合铁，以防止超氧化物自由基的形成，从而防止线粒体破坏。[4]

Dexrazoxane 结合 doxorubicin、daunorubicin 或 idarubicin 在 B6D2F1 小鼠中减少了组织损伤（以伤口大小与持续时间曲线下面积表示），分别降低了96%、70%、和87%。此外，Dexrazoxane 的联合使用显著降低了小鼠出现伤口的比例及伤口持续的时间。[5]

HTRF assay: Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay measures the signal generated by 2 components when they are in close proximity. The p53–MDM2 binding assay uses a biotinylated peptide derived from the MDM2-binding domain of p53 and a truncated N-terminal portion of recombinant human GST-tagged MDM2 protein containing the p53-binding domain. Proteins for crystal structure studies are expressed in E. coli strain BL21 using the helper plasmid pUBS 520 coding for the lacIq repressor and the rare tRNAArg [AGA/AGG]. For crystallization, the frozen protein is thawed and concentrated to 9.8 mg/mL using a Centricon concentrator (3,000 MW cutoff). The complex is then formed by combining the protein with a slight molar excess of the inhibitor (stock solution is 100 mM in DMSO) and this solution is allowed to sit for 4 hours at 4°C. Cryopreserved crystals are used to collect diffraction data on beamline X8C at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory.