Kaempferol (Robigenin) is a natural flavonoid and an inverse agonist of ERRα and ERRγ. Kaempferol has a wide range of antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral activities.

方法：人乳腺癌细胞 MDA-MB-231 用 Kaempferol (0.01-100 μM) 处理 72 h，使用 MST assay 检测细胞活力。
结果：Kaempferol 以剂量依赖的方式抑制细胞增殖，IC50 值为 43 μmol/L。[1]
方法：人胃癌细胞 AGS 和 SNU638 用 Kaempferol (50 μM) 处理 8-24 h，使用 Western Blot 方法检测靶点蛋白表达水平。
结果：Kaempferol 以时间依赖的方式增加 cleaved caspase-3 和 -9 并降低 Bcl-2 水平。[2]

方法：为研究对失血性休克小鼠的影响，将 Kaempferol (10 mg/kg) 腹腔注射给经历失血性休克的 C57/BL6 的小鼠。
结果：Kaempferol 预处理失血性休克小鼠可显著降低血浆 TNF-α 和 IL-6 水平；恢复了心、肺和肝的 MPO、SOD 和 MDA；并且增加了 HO-1 在相同器官中的表达。[3]
方法：为研究抗神经炎症作用，将 Kaempferol (25-100 mg/kg) 灌胃给药给 BALB/c 小鼠，每天一次，持续七天，第七天注射 LPS (5 mg/kg)。
结果：Kaempferol 可能是一种很有前途的神经保护剂，通过抑制 HMGB1 的释放和下调 TLR4/MyD88 炎症途径来缓解炎症反应和血脑屏障功能障碍。[4]

Right atria or sinus nodal cells are homogenized in lysis buffer consisting of (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 100 mM KCl, 1 mM ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 1 mM ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 0.5 mM Benzamidine, 20 mg/L Leupeptin, 20 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 50 mM NaF, and 50 mM sodium β-glycerophosphate), and total protein content is determined by the Bradford assay. Caspase-3 activity is determined by EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay Kit[3].

Kaempferol is prepared in DMSO (100 mM) and stored (-20°C), and then diluted with appropriate medium[2]. Ovarian cancer cells are seeded in 96-well plates at 2000 cells/well and incubated overnight before treatment with 0-160 μM Kaempferol for 24 hours in triplicates. The medium is removed, and the plates are freeze-thawed to lyse cells. Each well is added with 200 μL 1× CyQUANT cell lysis buffer containing 5x SYBR Green I and incubated at room temperature (RT) for 5 minutes. The reaction (50 μL) is transferred to PCR strip tubes and the fluorescent signal is measured at 90°C with a real-time Chromo4 PCR instrument. To ensure that cell proliferation assays are performed within a linear range of cell numbers, a standard curve is generated by seeding different amount of OVCAR-3 cells (based on counting with a hemacytometer) in a 96-well plate, and measuring genomic DNA abundance after overnight incubation. Three independent experiments are performed and data is pooled for statistical analysis[2].