TRi-1 is irreversible inhibitor of cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), with an IC50 of 12 nM. TRi-1 has little mitochondrial toxicity for anticancer therapy

TXNRD1:12 nM 

TRi-1在抑制人类肿瘤异种移植和同源小鼠肿瘤的生长及存活方面表现出显著效果，同时对线粒体毒性较小，且比auranofin具有更好的耐受性。

TRi-1在小鼠肿瘤模型中的抗癌效力，与TXNRD1对于体内癌细胞生长的重要性这一观点相一致。

Fox Chase male SCID mice were treated once with TRi-1 (0.7 to 10 mg/kg) or TRi-2 (0.5 to 20 mg/kg) via intravenous injections, and mouse health status was observed for up to 72 hours. For repeateddose toxicity studies with tumor-bearing animals, mice were first inoculated with 1*10^6 FaDu cells in phosphate-buffered saline at a preshaved region located at the anterior lateral thoracic wall . After 13 days of growth, tumors were measured by calipers, and treatments were initiated. Mice were injected with TRi-1 (10 mg/kg), TRi-2 (15 mg/kg), auranofin (10 mg/kg), or vehicle a total of nine times during a 5-day span via intravenous tail injection. Upon the final day of dosing, injections were performed subcutaneously due to hematomas in several of the mice at the tail injection site. Mouse health status was monitored daily, weight was measured, and tumor volume was recorded from caliper measurements.