α-Hemolysin (Staphylococcus aureus), a polypeptide virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus, disrupts host cell plasma membranes. Upon binding to the cell surface, its monomers create a homoheptamic prepore, which evolves into a mature transmembrane pore, facilitating K+ and Ca2+ ion transport that induces necrotic death in target cells [1].

α-Hemolysin (Staphylococcus aureus) 能在 THP-1 细胞中诱发 IL-1β 的释放以及 caspase-1 的活化，该过程需通过 NLRP3 炎症小体依赖的 caspase-1 活化机制 [1]。此外，α-Hemolysin (Staphylococcus aureus)(1 µg/mL, 4h) 也可导致 THP 衍生细胞死亡，此作用需要 NLRP3 信号通路的参与，但与 caspase-1 的活化和 IL-1β 的释放无关 [1]。