Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose and serves as an effective inducer of colitis. It is associated with dysfunction in macrophage activity and intestinal microbiota disruption, exhibiting particular toxicity towards colonic epithelium. Furthermore, Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) inhibits the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus by preventing the virus from adhering to host cells. Additionally, it is used in the binding with insulin and encapsulation in gold nanoparticles, functioning as a carrier for insulin to bond with insulin receptors. This interaction facilitates the slow release and prolongs the activity of insulin.